在传统与现代之间——南开新剧(1909—1918)与现代中国话剧的发生

Between Tradition and Modernism:New Drama at Nankai(1909-1918)and Modern Chinese Drama

南开新剧团是中国话剧发展史上的一个不容忽视的存在。张伯苓校长自编、自导、自演的《用非所学》应该作为一个事件被中国话剧史记载:它不但以演剧形式践行着南开学校的教育理念,也在无形中提高了话剧艺术在人们心目中的地位。在时事政治戏和改编外国作品大行其道的时代,南开新剧团专注于中国人的日常生活,直面社会现实,在现代与传统的夹缝中关注着人的道德品质。同时,南开新剧在艺术方面也有着自己独特追求:既注重外向化的戏剧冲突,又关注人物的内在心理矛盾。南开新剧对中国话剧摆脱幕表戏的阴影,进一步走向成熟,起到了重要推动作用。

Nankai New Drama Troupe is an in-neglected presence in the development of Chinese drama.Principal Zhang Boling wrote,directed and performed in the play named Being Engaged In a Occupation Not Related To One’s Training,an event worthy of recording in the history of Chinese drama.It not only interpreted the educational philosophy of Nankai School in the form of drama performance,but also virtually improved the status of drama art in people’s minds.In the era when political dramas and adaptations of foreign works were popular,Nankai New Drama Troupe focused on the daily life and moral quality of Chinese people in the crack between tradition and modernism.At the same time,Nankai’s drama also had its own unique pursuit in art,focusing on both the extroverted drama conflicts and the inner psychological contradictions of the characters.Nankai’s drama has played an important role in promoting the Chinese drama to get rid of the shadows of the Canovaccio drama and become mature.