泥鳅和葛氏鲈塘鳢皮肤黏液细胞类型、数量比较及其季节分布

Comparison of types,quantity and seasonal distribution of mucous cells in skin between loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii

为了比较中国北方高寒地区常见淡水底栖鳞片退化鱼类泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus和鳞片正常鱼类葛氏鲈塘鳢Perccottus glenii皮肤黏液细胞类型、形态特征及数量分布的季节变化,试验采用常规石蜡切片及阿利新蓝-过碘酸雪夫氏(AB-PAS)染色方法,进行了两种鱼类皮肤组织在不同季节下黏液细胞类型与分布的相关研究。结果表明:泥鳅和葛氏鲈塘鳢在4个季节的皮肤黏液细胞形态特征不同,泥鳅在春夏秋季皮肤黏液细胞主要呈囊状或球状分布,在冬季主要呈棒状或不规则状分布,而葛氏鲈塘鳢在春夏季黏液细胞主要呈圆形分布,在秋冬季主要呈椭圆状分布;泥鳅皮肤黏液细胞内容物着色较深,葛氏鲈塘鳢细胞内容物着色较浅;泥鳅和葛氏鲈塘鳢在4个季节的皮肤黏液细胞主要分布类型不同,泥鳅在春夏季皮肤均以Ⅳ型混合型黏液细胞为主,在秋冬季皮肤均以Ⅱ型酸性黏液细胞为主,而葛氏鲈塘鳢在4个季节皮肤均以Ⅲ型混合型黏液细胞为主;泥鳅和葛氏鲈塘鳢各个季节皮肤黏液细胞总数不同,泥鳅在春夏季皮肤中含有大量的黏液细胞且黏液细胞总数远多于秋冬季,而葛氏鲈塘鳢在冬季皮肤中黏液细胞分布较多,泥鳅皮肤黏液细胞总数远多于葛氏鲈塘鳢黏液细胞总数。研究表明,在不同季节淡水底栖鳞片退化鱼类泥鳅和鳞片正常鱼类葛氏鲈塘鳢皮肤黏液细胞的主要分布类型、形态特征及数量分布存在一定差异。

Types,morphological characteristics and quantity of mucous cell were histologically compared in the skins of head,dorsal part,and abdomen and tail between freshwater benthic loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus with body length of(13.2±2.5)cm and Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii with body length of(9.7±1.2)cm sampled in April,July,September,and November 2018 by conventional paraffin sections and Alixin blue-periodic acid Schiff(AB-PAS)staining to evaluate the variation in mucous cell types,morphological characteristics,quantity and season in the skin on the various parts between loach and Chinese sleeper.There were different morphological characteristics of mucous cells in the skin of loach and Chinese sleeper in different seasons,with cystic or spherical shaped mucous cells in the skin in spring,summer and autumn and rod-shaped or irregular shape in winter.Chinese sleeper had circular mucous cells in spring and summer,and elliptoid in autumn and winter.The loach had darker color mucous cells in the skin,while Chinese sleeper had lighter color mucous cells.The main distribution types of mucous cells in the skin of loach were varied with seasons,predominant mixed typeⅣmucous cells in spring and summer,and predominant typeⅡacid mucous cells in autumn and winter.The predominant mixed typeⅢmucous cells were observed in the skin of Chinese sleeper in each season.There was different total number of mucous cells in the skin of loach and Chinese sleeper in different seasons,with large amount of mucous cells in the skin of loach in spring and summer,and far more than that in autumn and winter.The Chinese sleeper had more mucous cells in the skin in winter than that in other seasons,and the loach had more total number of mucous cells than that Chinese sleeper did.The findings indicated that there were some differences in the main type,morphological characteristics and quantity distribution of mucous cells in the skin between the freshwater benthic loach and Chinese sleeper in different seasons.