保定市843名放射工作人员职业健康状况

The health status of workers occupationally exposed to radiation in Baoding city

目的分析843名放射工作人员职业健康监护资料和个人剂量监测数据,为进一步做好放射防护工作提供参考依据。方法收集2016年至2017年保定市843名放射工作人员的职业健康检查资料及个人剂量监测数据,对职业健康检查状况进行检查,同时对四项敏感指标(包括血常规、眼晶状体状况、甲状腺功能、染色体畸变)进行检测,运用SPSS 17.0进行方差分析和趋势性χ^2分析。结果女性放射工作人员的血常规异常率高于男性,差别有统计学意义(P=0.014);职业健康检查结果异常率(P=0.002)、甲功五项异常率(P=0.024)随着工龄增加逐渐增加,差别有统计学意义;1~5 mSv组的眼晶状体混浊率高于最低探测水平(MDL)~<1 mSv组,差别有统计学意义(P=0.028)。从事核医学(P=0.040)、介入放射学(P=0.012)人员的染色体畸变率均大于放射诊断人员,差别有统计学意义。结论小剂量电离辐射长期照射会对放射工作人员的健康状况产生影响,女性、高工龄、从事介入放射学和核医学的放射工作人员更易发生职业性损害。

Objective To analyze the health monitoring data and personal dose monitoring data of 843 radiational workers in order to provide a reference for further work on radiological protection.Methods A total of 843 radiological staffs in Baoding from 2016 to 2017 were selected as our subjects.Their occupational health examination data and personal dose monitoring data were collected,meanwhile,four sensitive indicators including blood routine,eye lens condition,thyroid function and chromosome aberration were detected too.Data were analyzed with software SPSS 17.0.Results The abnormal rate of routine blood test indexes of female workers was higher than that in male workers(P=0.014).As the increase work history,the abnormal rate of occupational health(P=0.002)and the five abnormal rates of thyroid function were also increased(P=0.024).The difference was statistically significant.The rate of lens turbidity of worker with the group 1-5 mSv was higher than that in worker with group MDL-<1 mSv,and there was statistically significant difference between these.The chromosomal aberrationrates of workers engaged in nuclear medicine(P=0.040)and interventional radiology(P=0.012)were all higher than that of workers engaged in radiation diagnosis,and there was statistically significant difference between these workers.Conclusion Long-term and low dose radiation exposure has certainly affected the health of radiation workers.The radiation workers who are female,long exposure history and engaged in interventional radiology or nuclear medicine can be impacted easily.