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近55年来渭河流域输沙变化及驱动因子分析 被引量:8

Spatiotemporal Variation of Sediment Load in the Weihe River Basin in Recent 55 Years and the Driving Factors
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摘要 根据渭河流域水文站点分布特征,将流域划分为15个子流域,结合1961—2015年输沙资料和气象站日降雨量资料,采用Mann—Kendall检验、双累积曲线、相关性分析及偏最小二乘回归等方法,定量分析渭河流域输沙时空变化特征及其主控因子。结果表明:渭河流域1961—2015年输沙量呈显著减少趋势,渭河干流咸阳站、北洛河状头站和泾河张家山站年输沙量分别以0.0390,0.0174,0.0414亿t/a的速率减少。15个水文站中,北洛河的张村驿站年输沙量呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05),洪德、雨落坪和庆阳站呈不显著减小趋势,其余各站的输沙均显著减小(P<0.05)。主要通过对输沙驱动因子和渭河流域输沙模数2个方面进行纵横方向上的综合分析对比,最终得到的相关数据结果表现出渭河输沙变化与降雨集中度指数、植被覆盖指数、草地面积比例、最小高程、平均坡度等因子具有良好的相关关系(R2>0.7)。 In recent years,sediment load in many rivers around the world has undergone significant changes,which may greatly affect ecological environment and economic development of the basin.Exploring the evolution of sediment load in the Weihe River will provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive management of the Weihe River Basin and the regulation of water and sediment relations.This study attempted to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of sediment load in 15 hydrological stations in the Weihe River basin during the period of 1961-2015.The results showed that the average sediment load in the Weihe River Basin from 1961 to 2015 showed a significantly decreasingtrend.The annual sediment load atXianyang,Zhuangtou and Zhangjiashan stations decreased at a rate of 0.0390 billion t/a,0.0174 billion t/a,and 0.0414 billion t/a,respectively.Among the 15 hydrological stations,the annual sediment load atZhangcunyistation showed a significant increasing trend,while Hongde,Yuluoping and Qingyang stations showed no significant decreasing trend,and the remaining stations showed significant decreasing trends(P<0.05).Both correlation analysis and partial least squares regression were applied to quantify the relationship between sediment load and potential driving factors.The sediment loadhad good correlations with the Precipitation Concentration Index,Vegetation Coverage Index,Grassland Area Ratio,Minimum Elevation,and Average Slope.
作者 白云鹏 赵广举 张丽梅 穆兴民 高鹏 孙文义 BAI Yunpeng;ZHAO Guangju;ZHANG Limei;MU Xingmin;GAO Peng;SUN Wenyi(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Framing on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100)
出处 《水土保持学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2020年第4期91-97,共7页 Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402401) 中国科学院“西部之光”项目(XAB2017A03)。
关键词 渭河流域 输沙模数 主控因素 输沙—驱动因子关系模型 Weihe River Basin sediment load controlling factors correlation analysis
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