自组织视角下新冠疫情募捐协作网络实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Cooperation of Fund-raising in COVID-19 Epidemic from the Perspective of Self-organization

新冠疫情下,线上的交流和协作成为配合线下募捐的一个重要部分。技术驱动互联网促使在线募捐协作成为可能。募捐微信群的形成及演化符合自组织的发展过程。募捐群由于信息、信任差序而导致社会系统暂时远离平衡状态,非平衡状态下的系统易于捕捉差异(如多元主体、海量捐赠信息、弱组织性等),形成了促进系统平衡的涨落。协作过程中,共同抗疫的目标涨落、个人价值凸显涨落、高效协作涨落、群属认同涨落以及新技术工具涨落在试错中不断被修正,且在非线性机制作用下被放大,从而获得了突破性力量成长为优势涨落,促使募捐群形成秩序。同时,人们根据实际需要改造技术的使用方式,进一步催化了募捐自组织趋于有序化。研究基于自组织理论和技术可供性等理论视角,结合灾难学中社会协作关系建构的研究视角,探究募捐微信群网络协作的自组织过程及演进逻辑。

Under the COVID-19 epidemic,online communication and collaboration has become an important part of offline donation.The technology-driven Internet makes online donation possible.The formation and evolution of fund-raising WeChat group accords with the development process of self-organization.As a result of information and trust difference,the social system of donation group is temporarily far from the balance,and the system in the non-balance is easy to capture the differences(such as multiple subjects,massive donation information,weak organization,etc.),forming the fluctuation that promotes the system balance.In the process of cooperation,the common goal of COVID-19 resistance fluctuation,personal value highlights fluctuation,efficient collaboration fluctuation,group identity fluctuation and new technical tool fluctuation have been revised in the trial and error.Under the action of non-linear mechanism,it is magnified,so as to obtain a breakthrough force to grow into an advantage fluctuation,and to promote the order of fund-raising groups.At the same time,people change the way of using the technology according to the actual needs,which further catalyzes the self-organization of donation to become orderly.This study explores the self-organization process and evolutionary logic of WeChat group network collaboration based on the theory of self-organization and the theoretical perspective of technology availability,combined with the research perspective of social collaboration relationship construction in disaster science.