传统农学类实验大楼三废处理设施升级改造实践

Upgrading and Renovating of Waste Disposal Equipment of Traditional Agricultural Laboratories

设计规范、合理运行的科学实验室是绝大部分基础科学研究和应用研究的基本工作平台,但大部分农业科研教学机构建设年代久远,设备设施陈旧,尤其是"三废"(废水、废气和固体废弃物)处理设备配备不齐或根本没有配备,难以满足当前日益严格的环保要求。结合湖南省农业科学院实验大楼"三废"处理设备的升级改造实践,提出根据实验室规模大小,各实验楼分别建立废水、废气和固体废弃物的收集和处理单元的处理方案:废气一般经集中收集后在楼顶设置喷淋塔处理后排放;废水经雨污和污污分流后,由自建的污水处理站通过设定的工艺处理后排入市政管网或达标后直排;固体废弃物由固废收储中心收集分类后交专门的固废处理中心处理。此方案可为老旧实验室"三废"处理设施的升级改造提供一定的借鉴。

The scientific laboratory with standard design and reasonable operation is the basic platform for most basic scientific research and applied research.However,most agricultural scientific research and teaching institutions have been built for a long time with obsolete equipment and facilities,especially the“three wastes”(waste water,waste gas and solid waste)disposal equipment is unequipped or not fully equipped,so it is difficult to meet the increasingly stringent environmental requirements.According to the practice of upgrading and renovating of“three wastes”disposal equipment in the experimental building of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,this paper puts forward that each experimental building needs to establish the treatment scheme corresponding to the collection and treatment unit of waste water,waste gas and solid waste according to the laboratory size.The waste gas is generally collected centrally and then discharged after being treated by a spray tower on the roof.The waste water is separated originally from rain and sewage through the independent pipe,then treated by the self-built sewage treatment station,finally discharged into the municipal pipe network or discharged directly after reaching the safety standard.The solid waste is collected and classified by the solid waste collection and storage center and then handed over to a special solid waste treatment center for treatment.We hope to provide some reference for the upgrading and transformation of“three wastes”treatment facilities of old laboratories.