纯真之谜:麦克尤恩小说《无辜者》中的寓言叙事

The Myth of Innocence:Allegorical Narrative in The Innocent by Ian McEwan

《无辜者》是英国作家伊恩·麦克尤恩转型后的代表作,它以寓言叙事的方式突出了人性纯真指涉的悖论。在冷战历史语境中,自我的纯真与生存意义具有共谋性。在叙述话语层面,小说以多重叙述声音共存于一个文本中,产生的间离效果体现了自我追寻纯真的寓言式言说困境。在政治层面,柏林作为地理空间的寓言化用意,体现了纯真作为意识形态话语产生的自我异化效力。在认知层面,小说对主人公伦纳德浪漫之爱的否定性书写,充溢着对纯真悖论的寓言式救赎力量。本文认为,《无辜者》以寓言叙事方式呈现了残酷的生存本相,它导致人性纯真在追寻中不断消解,表达了麦克尤恩对救赎式生存美学以及对纯真本质的复杂态度。

The Innocent,as one of Ian McEwan’s representatives after his transition in fictional writing,highlights the paradox of innocence in human nature through allegorical narrative.In the historical context of the Cold War,the innocence of self is imposed with the meaning of existence.On the narrative level,various narrative voices coexist in the text,and the effect of alienation conveys the predicament of allegorical narrative.On the political level,Berlin,as a geographical space,signifies that innocence is alienated as an ideological discourse.On the cognitive level,the negative writing of Leonard’s Eros is filled with power to redeem the paradox of innocence.This article argues that The Innocent reveals the cruelty of existence through allegorical narrative,which leads to the dissolution of innocence,and its paradox represents McEwan’s complex attitudes toward the aesthetics of existence and the essence of innocence.