贵州黔东南道地黄精种质资源调查研究

Investigation and Study on the Resources of the Genuine Polygonatum Mill in Qiandongnan Area of Guizhou Province

目的:研究贵州省黔东南地区道地黄精种质资源现状,为道地黄精的综合评价及野生驯化育种奠定基础。方法:通过对黎平县、镇远县、丹寨县、台江县、雷公山保护区、云台山自然保护区6个县区不少于24个样地进行实地调查,对不同产地的黄精种质资源进行收集,分析道地黄精种质资源的分布、植物学性状及生长习性。结果:黔东南境内野生黄精分布广泛,尤其是滇黄精、多花黄精、小玉竹、卷叶黄精、鸡头黄精、湖北黄精有一定的蕴藏量,且品质优良,未发现黄精病虫害的发生;黄精适宜生长环境为海拔700~2 000m、坡度30%以上、郁闭度0.4以上。结论:对黔东南道地野生黄精资源进行实地调查研究,可为黔东南道地黄精的合理开发利用及因地制宜道地驯化种植产业的发展提供参考。

Objective:To study the current situation ofgenuine Polygonatum germplasm resources Qiandongan area of Guizhou Province,and lay a foundation for the comprehensive evaluation and domestication breeding of wild Polygonatum.Methods:Based on the field investigation of at least24 sample plots in 6 counties of Liping County,Zhenyuan County,DanzhaiCounty,Taijiang County,Leigongshan Nature Reserve and Yuntaishan nature reserve,the germplasm resources of Polygonatum from different producing areas were collected,and the distribution,botanical characters and growth habits of the germplasm resources of Polygonatum were analyzed.Results:Polygonatum yunnanensis,polygonatum multiflora,polygonatum odoratum,polygonatum odoratum,polygonatum japonica,Polygonatum sibiricum and Polygonatum hupehensis were widely distributed in Southeastern Guizhou,and there was no occurrence of Polygonatum diseases and insect pests in good quality.The suitable growth environment was 700~2000 meters above sea level,with a slope of more than 30% and a canopy closure of more than 0.4.Conclusion:the field investigation and Study on the wild Polygonatum resources in Southeastern Guizhou can provide reference to from the rational development and utilization of the wild Polygonatum resources in Southeaste rn Southeastern Guizhou and the development of he wild domestication the wild domestication and planting industry according to local conditions.