中国对马来西亚投资的政治经济学分析

Political Economy Analysis of China’s Investment in Malaysia

近年来,中国逐渐成为马来西亚及其他东盟国家重要的投资来源国。尽管从总体上看,马来西亚对中国投资持欢迎态度,也急需中国资本填补其国内基础设施领域建设资金的不足,但从实际情况来看,中国对马投资项目有些取得成功,有些则遇到困难甚至遭受挫折,这与马来西亚国内复杂的选举政治、政党利益及较为特殊的中央与地方关系的制度安排有关。因此,中国与马来西亚及其他东盟国家之间需要建立合适的制度安排,使双方共识制度化、法律化,在双边、多边领域利用区域合作机制和国际规则来确保双方的投资利益不受损害。

In recent years,China has gradually become the most important source of investment for Malaysia and other ASEAN countries.Generally speaking,Malaysia welcomes Chinese investment and urgently needs Chinese capital to fill up the insufficient investment in its domestic infrastructure.However,as a matter of fact,some of China’s investment projects in Malaysia have been successful,while others have encountered difficulties,controversies and even setbacks.The article argues that the situation is related to the complicated electoral politics and party interests as well as the special institutional arrangements for the central-local relations in Malaysia’s domestic politics.Therefore,it is necessary for China and ASEAN to establish appropriate institutional arrargements to institutionalize and legalize the consensus within the region.It is also necessary to apply regional cooperation mechanisms and international rules in bilateral and multilateral fields to ensure that the investment interests of all parties are protected.