叶蝉线粒体基因组全序列结构研究进展

Advances in Mitochondrial Genome Complete Sequence Structure of Leafhopper

叶蝉种类多,数量大,并且广泛分布于全世界,主要生活在森林和草地上,均以植物为食,对蔬菜、禾谷类等经济植物产生危害。迄今,在NCBI中已收录27种叶蝉线粒体基因组全序列数据。本文概述了叶蝉线粒体基因组全序列的获取过程和分析方法,并且比较了PCR法和NGS在实际测序应用中的优缺点;从开展时间和研究空间两方面梳理了叶蝉线粒体基因组全序列研究现状;分析了27种叶蝉全序列结构的基因重叠、基因偏斜、PCGs基因、密码子使用、RNA基因和A+T富含区的基本特征;总结了叶蝉线粒体基因组在系统发育关系、分类鉴定以及不同地理种群之间的应用;同时基于以上研究,从研究数量、研究体系和研究应用三方面归纳了叶蝉线粒体基因组全序列现阶段研究中的不足,并对今后的研究工作予以展望。

Leafhoppers have a large number of species and are widely distributed all over the world.They mainly live in forests and grasslands.They all feed on plants and cause harm to economic plants such as vegetables and cereals.Up to now,27 mitochondrial genome sequences of leafhoppers have been collected in NCBI.This paper summarized the acquisition process and analysis methods of mitochondrial genome complete sequence of leafhopper,and compared the advantages and disadvantages of PCR and NGS in practical sequencing applications;Reviewed the research status of mitochondrial genome complete sequence of leafhoppers from two aspects of time and space;Analyzed the basic characteristics of gene overlap,gene skew,PCGs gene,codon usage,RNA gene and A+T-rich regions of 27 leafhoppers complete sequence structures;Summarized the application of mitochondrial genome in phylogenetic relationships,taxonomic identification and between different geographical populations of the leafhopper mitochondrial genome;At the same time,based on the above research,the shortcomings of the current research on mitochondrial genome sequence of leafhoppers were summarized from three aspects:Research quantity,research system and research application,and the future research work was prospected.