2018年天然植物饲料原料及产品中重金属污染情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of heavy metal pollution in natural plant feed raw meterials and products in 2018

目的了解2018天然植物原料及产品中重金属的污染状况。方法对北京、天津、黑龙江、江苏、安徽、江西、山东、河南、湖南、广东等10个省市采集的天然植物原料及产品样本,参照国标方法中的干法消解和压力罐消解方法对样品进行消解,后使用火焰原子吸收光谱仪和原子荧光光谱仪检测样品中砷、铅、铬、汞、镉的含量。结果分析了100份植物饲料原料及产品,其中砷的最高值为8.54 mg/kg,大于2 mg/kg的样品所占比为4%;铅的最高值为20.33mg/kg,大于10mg/kg的样品只有2批次;铬的最高值为927.63 mg/kg,大于5 mg/kg的样品所占比为24%;汞的检出率为4%;全部样品中镉未检出。结论本次调查分析发现部分样品有砷、铅、铬、汞检出,少数样品中的重金属含量相对较高,因而需加强对天然植物饲料原料及产品安全风险的监测,以保证动物和动物性产品安全。

Objective To understand the pollution of heavy metals in natural plant raw materials and products in 2018. Methods Samples of natural plant raw materials and products collected from 10 provinces and cities including Beijing, Tianjin, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong, Henan, Hunan and Guangdong were analyzed. The samples were digested according to the dry digestion and pressure tank digestion methods in the national standard method, and then the contents of arsenic, lead, chromium, mercury and cadmium in the samples were detected by flame atomic absorption spectrometer and atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Results A total of 100 samples of plant feed materials and products were analyzed. The highest content of arsenic was 8.54 mg/kg, and the proportion of samples greater than 2 mg/kg was 4%. The highest value of lead was 20.33 mg/kg, and only 2 batches of samples greater than 10 mg/kg. The highest value of chromium was 927.63 mg/kg, and the proportion of samples greater than 5 mg/kg was 24%. The detection rate of mercury was 4%. No cadmium was detected in all samples. Conclusion This investigation and analysis found that arsenic, lead, chromium and mercury were detected in some samples, and the heavy metal content in a few samples was relatively high. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the safety risks of natural plant feed raw materials and products to ensure the safety of animals and animal products.