发达国家特殊医学用途配方食品标签管理的做法及启示

Practices of and Enlightenments Drawn from Labeling Management of Foods for Special Medical Purpose in Developed Countries

本文利用政策内容分析,梳理了发达国家在特医食品标签管理方面的做法,围绕标签一般信息、适用疾病人群、营养成分标签、服用信息提醒等维度进行政策归纳,发现发达国家在标签管理方面要求较为细致且严格,与国内特殊医学用途配方食品标签相关规定进行比较,主要差异表现在:发达国家往往要求生产商在其标签中明确提示产品的适用疾病人群;同时产品也会附带营养标签,以对成分、含量、比例、参考摄入量等信息进行标识;标签需要提供服用提示信息以指导消费者合理使用。上述发现提示,我国特医食品标签管理需积极借鉴发达国家管理经验,下一阶段需要着重完善的内容包括:完善特殊医学用途配方食品标签领域的法律法规,引导行业企业规范、科学标识营养健康信息;分类制定不同疾病人群的营养参考摄入标准,提高标签管理的科学性;加强特殊医学用途配方食品标签管理与全产业链监管、公众营养宣教等工作的衔接。

In this article,by analyzing the contents of the related policies,we sort out the practices of developed countries in the labeling management of foods for special medical purpose(FSMP),and we summarize these polices from several dimensions such as general label information,target patient populations,nutrition labeling and medication reminders.Developed countries have more detailed and strict requirements for the labeling management of FSMP.The main differences between the regulations on FSMP labeling in China and those in developed countries are as follows:1)in developed countries,manufacturers are usually required to clearly indicate"applicable to patient populations";2)a nutrition fact label is also given for FSMP,including ingredients and their contents,proportions,and reference intake;and 3)the label must provide caution and warning messages to guide consumers to use the product correctly.The above findings imply that the FSMP labeling management system in China should draw on the experience of developed countries.More specially,the relevant laws and regulations need to be improved in the future.It is necessary to guide enterprises to label nutrition and health information in a regulated and scientific way.Moreover,reference nutrient intake standards for different patient populations should be formulated for more scientific labeling management.The connection between FSMP labeling management and the whole industry chain supervision or public nutrition education should be strengthened.