数字经济的统计挑战与核算思路探讨

Analysis on the Statistical Challenges and Accounting Ideas of Digital Economy

数字经济改变了经济社会发展方式,重塑了社会治理格局,已成为引领国家创新发展的重要力量。但是,数字经济在基本概念、活动参与者界定、福利统计、跨境活动统计、金融统计等方面给传统统计体系带来了巨大挑战。从实践来看,当前国际上具有代表性的数字经济测度体系主要有美国经济分析局(BEA)和经济合作与发展组织(OECD)两大体系,二者之间既有共同点也有不少差异。相较之下,我国数字经济测度在基础理论、数字产品划分、指标选取、测度方法等方面仍然存在改进空间。本文从宏观和微观核算两个角度,探讨了将数字经济纳入宏观经济核算框架的基本思路,并对数字经济统计范围、数字产品分类、数字经济统计指标、数据采集方式等基本问题展开了分析,可为完善我国的数字经济核算体系提供参考。

The digital economy has changed the way of socioeconomic development,reshaped the pattern of social governance and become an important force leading the national innovative development.However,the digital economy has brought great challenges to traditional statistical systems in terms of basic concepts,definition of activity participants,welfare statistics,cross-border activity statistics and financial statistics.In practice,there are two representative systems for measuring the digital economy,i.e.,the OECD system and the BEA system.And the two systems have some similarity although they are different.There is still room for improvement in the basic theory,digital product division,index selection and measure method in the measurement of China's digital economy.This paper discusses how to taking digital economy into the category of national economic accounting from the perspective of macro and micro accounting,and analyzes the basic issues such as the scope of digital economic statistics,digital product classification,digital economic statistical indicators,data collection methods etc.,providing some reference to improve the digital economic accounting system.