我国相邻权规范的绿色解释——以相邻采光为例

Interpretation of Neighboring Right according to the Green Principle——Taking Neighboring Lighting as an Example

相邻环境利益冲突日益增多,现行法律制度解决方案并不完备,从已有采光权纠纷案例可以看出公法对相邻环境利益保护的不足,裁判结果并未提供民法保护的可行方案,这反映了相邻环境利益保护的实践难题。我国《民法典》仅对我国《物权法》相关制度进行了个别字词的改动,相邻权规则并无实质改进。从我国《民法总则》到我国《民法典》都明确规定了绿色原则,从相邻关系与公民良好环境权的密切联系出发,根据绿色原则对环境保护相邻权制度进行创新解释,发展适当的裁判规范,应能够克服相邻环境利益保护的现实困难。司法实践中应当确认绿色原则对相邻权制度的指导和约束作用,通过对相邻关系中不同利益的权衡,以文义解释、习惯解释和公平解释等方法完成对环境保护相邻权的规范界定,并运用预防性救济手段、防御性请求权和损害补偿请求权等可实现对环境保护相邻权的周全保护。

Neighboring environmental interest conflicts are becoming more common,but there is no proper solution in current systems.It can be found from cases of lighting right disputes that the public law provides insufficient protection of neighboring environmental interest,and the judgments do not provide feasible solutions through civil law protection.This reality shows difficulties in practice in protecting neighboring environmental interests.The Civil Code only changes several words of relevant regimes in the Property Law,so there is substantial improvement of rules on the neighboring right,but based on the green principle clearly stipulated in the General Rules of the Civil Law and the Civil Code,starting from the close connection between neighboring relationship and citizens'right to good environment,through the innovative interpretation of the neighboring right system for environmental protection,the practical difficulties in the protection of the neighboring environmental interest should be overcome.In judicial practice,it is necessary to confirm the guiding and binding effect of the green principle on the neighboring right system,by balancing the different interest in neighboring relations,to normatively define the environmental neighboring right by means of literal interpretation,customary interpretation and fair interpretation,and to use preventive remedies,defensive claims and damage compensation claims to achieve comprehensive protection of environmental neighboring right.