基于控雪除冰的高速公路冰雪控制决策系统的构建——以西汉高速公路为例

A Decision-making System for Highway Deicing and Snow Control——A Case Study of Xi’an-Hanzhong Highway

冬季路面经常会出现积雪结冰现象,在车辆行驶反复荷载的作用下,积雪融化易形成薄冰层,降低了沥青路面的防滑性能.本文针对冬季雨雪天气下高速公路存在除雪困难的问题,从确定高速公路的冰雪区划入手,根据高速公路沿线的地形环境和气候条件确定其所处的冰雪区域,分析了控雪除冰的影响因素和融雪材料的不同特点,明确了融雪材料的使用时机,在此基础上根据影响因素模块、初始操作模块、后续操作模块以及处理数据存储记录模块四个模块建立了高速公路冰雪控制决策系统,并以西汉高速为例,阐明了决策系统的构建过程和实现途径.研究结果显示,根据西汉高速的地形及自然条件,合理选择融雪材料类型,使用范围,使用时机,以及是否采取除雪设备及组合形式等,确定出在不同积雪结冰条件下的控雪除冰措施.

Roads often experience snow and icing in winter.Under the action of repeated loads of vehicles,the melting of snow can easily form a thin layer of ice,which reduces the anti-skid performance of asphalt pavements.Aiming at the problem of snow removal difficulties on highways in winter rain and snow,starting with determining the ice and snow areas of the highways,this article first determines the ice and snow areas according to the terrain environment and climatic conditions along the highway,then analyzes snow control and deicing influencing factors and the different characteristics of the snow-melting materials,and then suggests the timing of the use of the snow-melting materials.On this basis,the highway ice and snow control decision-making system is established comprising the influencing factor module,the initial operation module,the subsequent operation module and the processing data storage and recording module.Taking the Xi’an to Hanzhong highway as an example,this paper explains the construction process and realization way of the decision-making system.The research results show that based on the terrain and natural conditions of the Xi’an to Hanzhong highway,reasonable choice of the type of snow melting material,the scope of use,the timing of use,as well as whether to adopt snow removal equipment or to adopt other combinational measures,etc.,to determine snow control and deicing measures under different snow and icing conditions.