植物生长调节物质和肥料对番红花生理生化的影响

Biochemical and Physiological Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Fertilizer on Crocus sativus L.

以番红花为试材,采用大田试验的方法,研究了植物生长调节物质(DTA-6、芸薹素内酯)和商品肥(杜高活力钙、杜高活力藻+高力金)喷施后叶片生理生化的变化,以期阐明番红花产量改变的机理。结果表明:喷施植物生长调节剂和商品肥后,叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)、叶绿素总量(Chl)、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量分别增加了-1.3%~21.8%、21.3%~56.9%、5.2%~22.5%、33.2%~59.5%、0.5%~2.2%、8.2%~21.3%、子球茎产量增加了6.8%~13.9%,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性分别提高了24.7%~41.2%、2.6%~22.2%、0.3%~37.5%,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量降低了3.9%~32.0%。喷施植物生长调节物质的效果要优于商品肥,而以喷施芸薹素内酯的效果最佳。推测子球茎产量的升高是由于喷施植物生长调节物质和商品肥提高了叶片抗氧化系统清除活性氧的能力,从而使叶绿素含量和光合作用得以提高,延缓叶片的衰老所致。

Taking saffron(Crocus sativus L.) as test material,a field experimant was conducted to study the physiological and biochemical changes of its leaves after spraying plant growth regulators(DTA-6,brassinolide) and commercial fertilizers(Dugao-active calcium,Dugao-active algae+Gaolijin) were investigated to clarify the mechanisms of its yield variation.The results showed that after spraying plant growth regulators and commercial fertilizers,compared with control,Chl a content,Chl b content,Car content,soluble protein content and soluble sugar content increased by-1.3%-21.8%,21.3%-56.9%,5.2%-22.5%,33.2%-59.5%,0.5%-2.2%,8.2%-21.3% respectively,and corm yield increased by 6.8%-13.9%.Meanwhile,the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD and CAT increased by 24.7%-41.2%,2.6%-22.2%,0.3%-37.5% respectively,and the content of MDA,a product of membrane lipid peroxidation,decreased by 3.9%-32.0%.The effect of spraying plant growth regulators was better than commercial fertilizer with the best by spraying brassinolide.It is speculated that the increase of corm yield is due to the improvement of the ability of scavenging reactive oxygen species in antioxidant system(SOD,POD,CAT activities and Car content) of leaves by spraying treatment,thus increasing chlorophyll content and photosynthesis,and delaying the senescence of leaves.