磁浮列车雷击车体过电压特性及抑制方法研究

Research on overvoltage characteristics of maglev train and suppression method

磁浮列车高速运行时与轨道没有直接接触,并且车体上方没有类似接触网一类的防雷设施。当列车在高架空旷地带行驶时,容易遭受雷电的直接侵袭,并在车体上产生雷击过电压,影响列车运行安全,因此有必要研究雷击磁浮列车引起的车体过电压特性及其抑制方法。基于磁浮列车接地系统结构,建立雷击磁浮引起车体过电压的集总参数电路仿真模型,分析得到车体过电压大小与分布规律:雷击磁浮列车引起的车体过电压瞬态峰值达到31.5 kV,距离雷击点越远车厢的过电压峰值呈降低趋势,但尾车过电压峰值出现抬升;通过改进导向电磁铁的结构使其与轨道之间存在尖端效应,能够显著降低车体对地电压。

Maglev train has no direct contact with the rail during high-speed operation,and there is no lightning protection facility like catenary above the train.When maglev train is running in the open area,it is easy to suffer from the direct lightning and generate lightning overvoltage on the train,which threatens the operation safety of the passengers.Therefore,a study on the characteristics of the overvoltage and the suppression methods is necessary.Based on the grounding system of the train,a lumped parameter circuit simulation model was established.And this paper analyzed the value and distribution of the overvoltage.The transient peak value of the overvoltage caused by the lightning stroke reached 31.5 kV.The peak value of the overvoltage was reduced in the carriages farther away from the lightning point,but it was lifting in the rear carriages.The overvoltage can be significantly reduced by improving the structure to make a tip effect between the guidance electromagnet and the rail.