中国南方地区水稻资源SSR指纹数据库的构建及遗传多样性分析

Construction of SSR Fingerprint Database and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Rice Resources in Southern China

本研究利用SSR分子标记构建了中国南方地区100份水稻资源的SSR指纹图谱身份证并对其进行遗传分析。22对引物共检测到161个等位基因,每对标记检测到2~14个等位基因数(Na),平均每对引物为7.3182个,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.2698~0.8596,平均0.6716;根据所用引物扩增条带的缺失情况、引物间的相似性并结合ID Analysis软件分析结果,筛选出RM17、RM21、RM241、RM542、RM5608及RM6371共6对引物,并利用这6对引物构建了可区分100份水稻资源的SSR指纹图谱身份证。结果表明,云南水稻资源在6个省份中遗传多样性水平最高,而广东水稻资源的遗传多样性水平相对较低;对南方地区水稻资源的遗传分化分析发现100份水稻资源的基因流(Nm)为1.6371>1,表明南方地区水稻资源间存在一定程度的基因交流现象;Structure群体遗传结构分析、PCA主成分分析及UPGMA聚类分析将所有的供试材料分为3大类群,6个省份的水稻资源中除广东和四川的资源按来源聚在一个类群中,其它省份的水稻资源分布于不同的类群中。研究表明,南方地区不同省份水稻资源间的遗传差异较大,构建的南方地区水稻资源SSR指纹图谱身份证及遗传分析的结果可为中国南方地区水稻资源的品种鉴别及遗传差异提供分子水平上的依据。

This study used SSR molecular markers to construct SSR fingerprints of 100 rice resources in southern China and genetically analyzed them.A total of 161 alleles were detected in 22 pairs of SSR markers,and the number of alleles%(Na)detected by each pair was 2~14,with an average of primers per pair was 7.3182,the polymorphic information content(PIC)was 0.2698~0.8596,with an average of 0.6716.According to the deletion of the amplified bands used by the primers,the similarity between primers and the results of ID Analysis software,6 pairs of primers included RM17,RM21,RM241,RM542,RM5608 and RM6371 were selected.The SSR fingerprints ID of 100 rice resources,which can effectively distinguish various varieties.The results of genetic diversity showed that Yunnan rice resources had the highest level of genetic diversity in six provinces,while Guangdong rice resources had the lowest level of genetic diversity.The genetic differentiation analysis of rice resources in southern China showed that the gene flow(Nm)%between 100 rice resources was 1.6371>1,which indicated that there was a certain degree of gene exchange among rice resources in southern China.Structure group genetic structure analysis,PCA principal component analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis divided all the test materials into three groups.The rice resources of the six provinces except the Guangdong and Sichuan resources were concentrated in one group by source,and the rice resources of other provinces were distributed in different groups.This study showed that the genetic differences among rice resources in the southern China were large.The SSR fingerprints ID and genetic analysis of rice resources in the southern can provide a molecular basis for the identification and genetic differences of rice resources in southern China.