人工四倍体桑树新品种云桑6号的选育

Breeding of New Artificial Tetraploid Mulberry Variety Yunsang 6

以云南省种植年限超过30年的二倍体桑品种云桑2号为材料,用0.2%秋水仙碱、0.5%二甲亚砜和0.2%6-BA的混合液注射冬芽诱导其染色体加倍,获得多个变异芽枝条。将变异芽枝条嫁接繁殖,通过染色体倍性鉴定及单株优选和品种比较鉴定试验,获得性状表现稳定的人工四倍体桑树新品种。2019年通过云南省种子管理站品种审定委员会现场鉴评,定名为云桑6号。在草坝镇该人工四倍体桑树新品种以农桑14号、云桑2号和湖桑32号为对照,以家蚕品种菁松×皓月供试,单位面积年产叶量分别增产6.76%、8.42%和27.95%,桑叶养蚕的万头蚕产茧量和茧层率与对照品种湖桑32号无显著性差异,而且用云桑6号饲养的蚕区会提前8~10 h结茧;该品种桑椹大,产果量高于云桑2号,与粤椹大10相当,是一个综合性状优良、丰产性好的四倍体果叶兼用新桑品种。

Taking diploid mulberry variety Yunsang 2 which was planted in Yunnan Province for more than 30 years for the experimental material,chromosome doubling was induced in winter bud after injected with mixture of 0.2%colchicine,0.5%dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.2%6-BA to obtain multiple shoots with mutagenic buds.These shoots were reproduced through grafting.Then,a new tetraploid mulberry variety with stable traits was obtained by means of chromosome ploidy identification,individual selection and variety comparative trial.This new variety was approved and named as Yunsang 6 after on-site evaluation by the Variety Evaluation Committee of Seed Management Station of Yunnan Province in 2019.Compared with Nongsang 14,Yunsang 2 and Husang 32 in Caoba Town,annual leaf yield per unit of this artificial tetraploid mulberry variety increased by 6.76%,8.42%and 27.95%,respectively.Moreover,no significant difference was found in cocoon yield per 10000 larvae and cocoon shell rate of silkworm variety Jingsong×Haoyue when it was fed with Yunsang 6 and Husang 32.Meanwhile,silkworm fed with Yunsang 6 would cocoon 8 to 10 h earlier.In view of its bigger fruit,higher yield than that of Yunsang 2 and similar yield to that of Yueshenda 10,this variety is a tetraploid mulberry cultivar for fruit-leaf dual usage with excellent comprehensive properties and high yield.