终末期癌症患者安宁疗护需求的质性研究

Qualitative study on hospice care needs of patients with end-stage cancer

目的深入了解终末期癌症患者对安宁疗护的需求,为开展安宁疗护中以人为中心的优质护理服务提供依据。方法采用个人深度访谈法对肿瘤病区13名终末期癌症患者进行访谈,运用Colaizzi七步分析方法对访谈资料进行整理和分析。结果共提炼出终末期癌症患者对安宁疗护需求的4个主题。维护自我主体的需求:渴望维持生活中的自我效能与尊严上的自我形象;缓解自身不适症状的需求:需求身体症状与心理不适的缓解;满足自我决定的需求:参与医疗护理决策与选择舒服的社交关系;表达自身情感的需求:对往事的告别与留念及未来心愿达成的期许。结论终末期癌症患者对安宁疗护的需求具有多样性,医护人员在临床工作中应秉承以人为中心的理念,探索患者的需求与偏好,实施个体化的优质护理措施,满足患者对安宁疗护的需求。

Objective To understand the needs of end-stage cancer patients for hospice care,so as to provide a basis for the development of human-centered quality nursing services in hospice care.Methods 13 patients with end-stage cancer in tumor ward were interviewed by personal in-depth interview,and the data were sorted and analyzed by Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.Results A total of four themes of hospice care needs of patients with end-stage cancer were extracted.The need to maintain self-subject:the desire to maintain self-efficacy and self-image of dignity in life;the need to relieve the symptoms of self-discomfort.The need to relieve the physical symptoms and psychological discomfort.Meet the needs of self-determination:participate in medical care decisions and choose comfortable social relationships.Express their own emotional needs:the past farewell and remembrance and future wish to achieve the expectations Conclusions Patients with end-stage cancer have diverse needs for hospice care.In clinical work,medical staff should adhere to the people-oriented concept,explore patients'needs and preferences,and implement individualized quality nursing measures to meet patients'needs for hospice care.