我国文献计量学研究40年——基于知识图谱的回顾与展望

Bibliometrics Research Retrospect and Prospect in China for 40 Years Based on Knowledge Map

从1979年至2019年,我国文献计量学研究走过了40年的发展历程。当前,学科危机与发展机遇并存,迫切需要对这40年尤其是2000年以来的研究成果与发展轨迹进行全程回顾与系统梳理,深入思考我国文献计量学在网络大数据环境下的发展路径与前进方向。本研究基于中国知网(CNKI)数据库的论文数据,并结合其他多种渠道的数据来源,采用Citespace 5.6可视化分析软件,绘制出我国文献计量学40年的论文作者知识图谱和研究前沿知识图谱,回顾这一学科领域的整个发展脉络,展望未来发展趋势。根据论文增长曲线与知识图谱演变,以10年为一个周期,将我国文献计量学40年发展划分为4个阶段,包括:产生与初步发展阶段(1979—1989)、繁荣与全面发展阶段(1990—1999)、拓展与应用发展阶段(2000—2009)、突破与转型发展阶段(2010—2019)。通过研究发现,我国文献计量学在经历了发展的幼年期和黄金期之后,目前正处于挑战和机遇并存的突破转型期;展望未来,传统的文献计量学已经完成了它的历史使命,取而代之的将是新型的现代意义上的文献计量学,即由“三计学”融合而成的科学文献信息计量学以及全文本文献计量学、语义文献计量学、政策文本计量学等组成的学科群。

From 1979 to 2019.bibliometrics research in China has gone through 40 years.At present,with the coexistence of development crisis and breakthrough opportunities.it is urgent to retrospect the bibliometrics development trajectories in the last 40 years.,especially since 2000,and then to reflect on its development path,and direction under the big data environment.Taking 10 years as a time period,based on the data of China Knowledge Network(CNKI) and other data sources,Citespace5.6 is used to draw the 40 years knowledge map of bibliometrics in China,According to the author cooperation knowledge map and research frontier knowledge map,the paper expounds the whole course of discipline development and prospects its future trpends.Based on the growth curve of bibliometrics papers and the knowledge evolution process,bibliometrics research in China is divided into four development stages:the generation and preliminary stage(1979-1989),the prosperity and comprehensive stage(1990-1999),and expansion and application stage(2000-2009),breakthrough and transformation stage(2010-2019),which are in line with the four phase model of scientific knowledge growth.From the knowledge map of the four stages,it is found that bibliometrics research has experienced the infancy and golden development age,and currently is in a phase of breakthrough and transformation,with both challenges and opportunities.Traditional bibliometrics has completed its historical mission and has been replaced by modern bibliometrics,which should be a disciplinary cluster consisting of scientific literature information metrology,as well as full text metrology.semantic metrology,policy text metrology and so on.