政策、模式与特征:发达国家教育高质量发展的职前教师教育之路

Policies,Patterns and Features:The Road of Preservice Teacher Education in Developed Countries

教师教育改革一直是世界各国教育改革的关注点之一,职前教师教育改革更是促进教育高质量发展的重中之重。当前西方发达国家提升职前教师教育质量的改革主要源于外部(高等教育和基础教育改革的双重压力)和内部(自身专业化发展和教师培养质量低下)两方面原因,因而在促进职前教师教育高质量发展方面进行拓宽教师教育项目边界和实现职前教师教育一体化的改革,并在此基础上形成了“专业认证+质量监控”联手模式和系统的“修业+见习”模式,其中所显现的特征对于思考如何推动我国的教师教育质量具有一定的启示:以标准为基,指导教师培养过程的诸多方面;综合统整教师输入、培养和输出的各个环节;以外部保障促进内部保障质量提升,实现协同支持。

Teacher education reform has always been one of the focuses of education reform all over the world and the reform of preservice teacher education is the most important for promoting the high quality development of education.At present the reform of improving the quality of preservice teacher education in western developed countries mainly comes from both external(the double pressure of higher education and basic education reform)and internal(the low quality of professional development and teacher training)factors,and therefore,in order to promote the high-quality development of preservice teacher education,we have carried out the reform of broadening the boundaries of teacher education projects and realizing the integration of preservice teacher education.On this basis forms the joint mode of“professional certification+quality control”and the systematic“study+internship”mode,in which the characteristics shown have such enlightenments on how to promote the quality of teachers in China as guiding many aspects of teacher training process on the basis of standard,integrating all aspects of teachers input,training and output,and promoting the quality improvement of internal guarantee by external guarantee to realize collaborative support.