儿童支气管肺炎治疗的季节性分析

Seasonal analysis on the treatment of children with bronchial pneumonia.

目的比较冬、夏两季儿童支气管肺炎的治疗效果,为支气管肺炎的治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析无锡市儿童医院冬季(2018年12月及2019年1月)和夏季(2019年7~8月)门急诊100例支气管肺炎患儿的临床诊治资料,其中冬季组50例和夏季组50例。结果治疗前,两组患儿的性别、年龄、发热、咳嗽状况比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗结束时,夏季组和冬季组患儿退热时间[(3.93±1.07)d vs(5.21±1.14)d]、咳嗽减轻时间[(4.21±0.93)d vs(5.91±1.17)d]、咳嗽消失时间[(6.93±2.01)d vs(9.87±2.53)d]、咳痰减少时间[(4.81±1.16)d vs(6.11±1.71)d]、咳痰消失时间[(6.31±1.05)d vs(7.61±1.31)d]、啰音减少时间[(3.81±0.92)d vs(5.17±1.11)d]、啰音消失时间[(6.12±1.34)d vs(7.91±2.21)d]比较,夏季组明显短于冬季组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗第3、5天,夏季组患儿咳嗽次数分别为(15.29±3.79)次/h、(9.77±1.99)次/h,明显少于冬季组的(20.13±5.91)次/h、(16.25±5.11)次/h,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);夏季组患儿支气管肺炎症状反复发生率为8.0%,明显低于冬季组的32.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论夏季支气管肺炎的治疗效果优于冬季。

Objective To compare the treatment effect of children with bronchial pneumonia in Wuxi Children's Hospital in winter and summer,and to provide a reference for the treatment of the disease.Methods The clinical data of 100 children with bronchial pneumonia in the outpatient service and the emergency department of Wuxi Children's Hospital in winter(Dec.2018 and Jan.2019)and summer(Jul.2019 and Aug.2019)was analyzed retrospectively.The children were divided into two groups:winter group(50 cases)and summer group(50 cases)according to the season.Results Before treatment,there was no significant differences on gender,age,pyrexia,and cough between the two groups(P>0.05).At the end of the treatment,the following indexes in summer group were significantly shorter than those in winter group(P<0.05):defervescence time,(3.93±1.07)d vs(5.21±1.14)d;cough relief time,(4.21±0.93)d vs(5.91±1.17)d;cough elapse time,(6.93±2.01)d vs(9.87±2.53)d;expectoration relief time,(4.81±1.16)d vs(6.11±1.71)d;expectoration elapse time(6.31±1.05)d vs(7.61±1.31)d;rales relief time,(3.81±0.92)d vs(5.17±1.11)d;rales elapse time,(6.12±1.34)d vs(7.91±2.21)d.On the third and fifth day,cough times in summer group were(15.29±3.79)times/h and(9.77±1.99)tims/h,significanty less than(20.13±5.91)times/h and(16.25±5.11)tims/h in winter group(P<0.05).The relapse rate of bronchial pneumonia symptoms in summer group was 8.0%,significantly lower than 32.0%in winter group(P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment effect of children with bronchial pneumonia in summer is better than that in winter.