遗嘱监护问题研究

Research on Testamentary Guardianship

较之于他国监护制度,不难发现,我国的监护制度存在类型单一、缺乏细化规则以及配套的监督措施阙如等缺陷,致使司法实务中多发的监护纠纷未能得到有效解决。尽管2017年施行的《民法总则》首次提出了遗嘱监护制度,但其规定过于宽泛,且在2020年出台的《民法典》中亦并未见有相应的细化规范。由于立法对遗嘱监护制度仅作原则性规定,遗嘱监护之适用范围及遗嘱监护人的具体确定标准等问题尚未明确。因此,有必要通过立法论加以补充。

The problems about the guardianship system are found in China,such as the simplified types and the lack of detailed regulations and the matching supervising measures,compared with the guardianship in other countries,which leads to some ineffectiveness for the guardianship disputes in judicial practice.Though the system of the testamentary guardianship was raised in General Rules of Civil Law in 2017,the regulations are vague and the relevant details are not found in Civil Code in 2020.Because of the principle provisions to the testamentary guardianship in the legislation,it is not clear of the application of the testamentary guardianship and the specific determination for the testamentary guardian.Therefore,the supplement from the legislation is necessary.