财政支农与普惠金融的减贫增收效应——基于整体性贫困治理视角的实证分析

The Poverty Reduction and Income Increase Effect of Financial Support for Agriculture and Inclusive Finance:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Perspective of Holistic Poverty Governance

基于整体性贫困治理视角,提出一个财政金融促进农民收入增长的影响路径及其中介效应的分析框架。在构建中国普惠金融发展评价指标体系的基础上,基于2008—2017年省域面板数据,利用泰尔指数和中介效应模型,分析财政支农及其异质性、普惠金融和农民减贫增收之间的作用逻辑和因果关系。研究表明:财政支农和普惠金融的增收效应均存在区域性和收入来源结构性差异。财政支农在东部和以工资性收入为主的区域对农民增收存在倒U型影响,在中西部和以经营性收入为主的区域表现为支农资金不足。进一步分析发现,异质性财政支农促进了中西部地区农民增收,普惠金融的减贫增收效应存在明显的“中部塌陷”,在中西部和以经营性收入为主的区域需进一步加强建设。中介效应检验结果表明:财政支农和普惠金融在减贫增收过程中存在基于彼此的“部分”中介效应。研究结论能够为优化财政支农支出,促进普惠金融发展和完善农村金融市场提供借鉴参考。

From the perspective of holistic poverty governance,an analysis framework of the influence path and intermediary effect of fiscal finance to promote farmers’income growth is proposed.On the basis of constructing China’s inclusive finance development evaluation index system,based on the 2008-2017 provincial panel data,using the Theil index and the intermediary effect model to analyze the logical and causal relationship among the heterogeneity of fiscal support to agriculture,inclusive finance and farmers’poverty reduction and income increase.Research has shown that the income-increasing effects of fiscal support for agriculture and inclusive finance have regional and structural differences in income sources.Financial support for agriculture has an inverted U-shaped impact on farmers’income growth in the east and regions dominated by wage income.In the central and western regions and regions dominated by operating income,it is manifested as insufficient funds for agriculture.Further analysis,heterogeneous financial support for agriculture has promoted the increase of farmers’income in the central and western regions.The poverty reduction and income increase effect of inclusive finance has a clear“central collapse”,and further construction needs to be strengthened in the central and western regions and regions dominated by operating income.The test results of the intermediary effect show that there is a“partial”intermediary effect based on each other in the process of fiscal support for agriculture and inclusive finance in the process of poverty reduction and income increase.The research conclusions can provide references for optimizing fiscal expenditures for agriculture,promoting the development of inclusive finance and improving the rural financial market.