人呼吸道合胞病毒研究进展

Advances in research on human respiratory syncytial virus

人呼吸道合胞病毒(HRSV)属于肺炎病毒科,正肺病毒属,非节段性单股负链RNA病毒。HRSV主要引起呼吸道感染,已经成为婴幼儿和5岁以下儿童呼吸道感染住院的主要原因之一,也是成年人、老年人以及免疫缺陷患者严重呼吸道疾病的主要病原体之一。目前,临床尚无有效的HRSV疫苗或治疗方法。HRSV有A、B两个亚型及多个基因型,不同亚型及基因型流行病学特征不同。本研究对HRSV病原学、分子流行病学、疫苗研究及HRSV检测分型技术等进行综述,为HRSV疫苗研究及相关呼吸道传染病的防治和监测预警提供重要的理论依据。

Human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV)is a negative-sense and single-stranded RNA virus which belongs to the Pneumoviridae family,Orthopneumovirus genus.It is currently the leading cause of hospitalization in infants and children<5 years of age.The infections of HRSV in adults,elderly and immunodeficiency patients are also increasingly recognized as a cause of severe respiratory disease.Unfortunately,no effective vaccine or treatment against HRSV is currently available.It has two subtype and multiple genotypes,which can result in different epidemiological feature.The aim of this review is to give a summary of HRSV etiology,epidemiology,vaccine and typing detection technique in order to better carry out HRSV epidemiological research.Also,this review can provides for the research of HRSV vaccine with important theoretical basis and provides reference for disease prevention and Surveillance.