特发性膜性肾病生物标志物的研究进展

Research progress on biomarkers of idiopathic membranous nephropathy

膜性肾病(membranous nephropathy,MN)是一种自身免疫性肾病,是肾病综合征最常见的病理类型之一。MN可分为特发性膜性肾病(idiopathic membranous nephropathy,IMN)和继发性膜性肾病(secondary membranous nephropathy,SMN),其中IMN占主要部分。目前,IMN的诊断、监测和预后评估主要依赖于肾病理活检、尿蛋白定量及肾功能变化,由于它们各自存在一定的局限性,使得IMN的诊断和治疗仍面临很多困难。发现并应用特异性生物标志物对IMN进行无创诊断、疾病变化监测及预后评估具有重要的意义。近年来,国内外学者对IMN进行了不断的探索,在血清、尿液中发现了一些具有重要指导价值的生物标志物。

Membranous nephropathy(MN),an autoimmune nephropathy,is one of the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome.MN can be divided into idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)and secondary membranous nephropathy(SMN),and the IMN is dominant.Currently,the diagnosis,monitoring,and prognosis evaluation of IMN are primarily dependent on renal biopsy,urine protein quantification,and renal function surveillance.Because of their limitations,the diagnosis and treatment of IMN still have many difficulties.Discovery and application of specific biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis,disease surveillance,and prognosis assessment of IMN are of great significance.In recent years,many scholars have done a lot of research on IMN,and found some biomarkers with important guiding value in serum and urine.