中国公民财经素养测验编制的总体报告

The Development of Financial Literacy Tests for Chinese Citizens:A General Report

对个体财经素养状况的准确评估是开展相关研究与实践的前提,然而目前缺乏基于清晰理论框架且符合心理测量学要求的财经素养测验。本研究编制了中国公民财经素养测验,它包括三套(或五项)测验:财经知识测验、财经能力测验和财经价值观测验,后者又包括理财价值观测验、财富价值观测验和财经伦理观测验。全套测验有良好的效标关联效度和结构效度,其理论框架是建立在“经济人”和“社会人”双重人性观基础上的财经素养“三元”结构理论。这五项测验分数可以合成为经济人指数和社会人指数,综合二者才能全面体现公民财经素养水平。

Precise assessment of individual s financial literacy is the precondition of corresponding research and practice,however,at present there is lack of financial literacy test tools with clear theoretical frameworks and good psychometric characteristics.The current study has developed the Financial Literacy Tests(FLT)for Chinese citizens which include three sets of tests(five tests):financial knowledge test,financial capacity test,and financial value tests consisting of three tests of financial management values,wealth values and financial ethics.The five tests of FLT as a whole have good criterion-related and construct validities.The framework of FLT is the theory of triarchic structure of financial literacy.Based on the integration of two different human nature views(homo economicus vs.homo sociologicus),the theory proposes that financial literacy is a composite consisting of financial knowledge,financial capacity,and financial values.The scores of five tests of FLT can be further computed into the index of homo economicus(the average of scores of financial knowledge,financial capacity and financial management values)and the index of homo sociologicus(the average of scores of wealth values and financial ethics),and both indexes should be used together to show the levels of individual s financial literacy.