基于数据挖掘的中成药治疗失眠的用药规律研究

Study on Drug Composition and Medication Rules of Patent Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Insomnia Syndrome Based on Data Mining

目的分析《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准(中药成方制剂)》中治疗失眠中成药的用药规律。方法收集《中药成方制剂》中主治失眠的文献,构建中成药处方的数据库,运用数据挖掘方法对其药物的使用频次、药物功效、性味归经等进行统计分析。结果根据纳入及排除标准对数据进行清洗,最终符合条件的方剂共计187首,包含中药234味,用药总频次共计2089次。使用频次较高的药物有茯苓、当归、甘草、五味子;药物功效以补虚药、安神药、清热药为主;药性多用温平,药味以甘苦为主;药物归经使用频次较高的为肾、肝、心经;关联分析共得到关联数据22条(8条两项、13条三项及1条四项关联药物),核心组合为“当归-酸枣仁-远志-茯苓”;核心药物聚类分析得到归脾汤加减结构、大补元煎加减结构及补益心肾、清心除烦药物聚合组及单味中药制何首乌。结论《中药成方制剂》收载主治失眠中成药的核心药物为茯苓、当归、甘草、五味子,以补虚、安神、清热为主要治则,兼以活血、收涩、理气等进行配伍,临床可用归脾汤、大补元煎、酸枣仁汤等经典名方加减辨证治疗失眠。

Objective To analyze the law of prescription formation of patent traditional Chinese medicine in treating insomnia syndrome according to the drug standard of the Ministry of health of the People’s Republic of China.Methods The literatures of insomnia syndrome treatment with traditional Chinese medicine prescription preparation were collected,and the clinical syndrome prescription database was constructed.Data mining method was used to analyze the frequency of drug use,drug efficacy,nature flavor and meridian tropism.Results According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,187 prescriptions,including 234 traditional Chinese medicines,were finally qualified,with a total frequency of 2089.The results showed that Poria,Angelicae sinensis radix,Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizome,and Schisandrae chinensis fructus were the most frequently used drugs.Tonic drugs,tranquilizing drugs and antipyretic drugs were the most effective drugs.The natures of the drugs were mostly warm and mild,and the flavors were mainly sweet and bitter.The meridian tropisms of the most frequently used drugs were the kidney,liver and heart meridians.A total of 22 related data(8 of couples,13 of threesomes,and 1 of four related drugs)were obtained by correlation analysis.The core combination was“Angelicae sinensis radix-Ziziphi spinosae semenPolygalae radix-Poria”.The core drug cluster analysis showed that the structure of Guipi Decoction plus or minus,Dabuyuan Decoction plus or minus,and the drug cluster group of“tonifying heart and kidney,clearing heart and removing dysphoria”and the single Chinese medicine made Polygoni multiflori radix.Conclusion Poria,Angelicae sinensis radix,Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizome and Schisandrae chinensis fructus are the core drugs of traditional Chinese medicine for insomnia in the preparations of traditional Chinese medicine.The main treatment principles are tonifying deficiency,calming nerves and clearing away heat;and they are combined with activating blood,astringency and regulating qi.The clinical application can be adding or subtracting to the classic famous prescriptions such as Guipi Decoction,Dabuyuan Decoction and Suanzaoren Decoction according to the syndrome.The results of this study are of great significance for guiding clinical practice and related scientific research experiments,and are worth further promotion and research.