2015-2018年扬中市国家血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in a national surveillance site of Yangzhong City from 2015 to 2018

目的分析扬中市国家血吸虫病监测点疫情,为完善当地血吸虫病防治对策和巩固防治成效提供科学依据。方法按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案(2014年版)》要求,于2015-2018年对扬中市指南村国家血吸虫病监测点进行螺情、人畜血吸虫病病情、野粪等监测。结果 2015-2018年,扬中市国家血吸虫病监测点有螺面积和活螺平均密度分别由8.10 hm^2、0.27只/0.1 m^2降至2.72 hm^2和0.07只/0.1 m^2,未发现血吸虫感染性钉螺;开展本地人群和流动人群血清学血吸虫病筛查2 034人·次和858人,血检阳性率为0.59%~1.98%,未发现病原学检查阳性者;共检测羊79只,未发现血吸虫感染阳性;未发现牛等其他家畜养殖;在有螺区域内未发现野粪。结论扬中市血吸虫病防治效果显著,但仍有钉螺孳生,应进一步加大对钉螺等血吸虫病传播风险因素监测,以巩固防治成果。

Objective To analyze the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in a national surveillance site of Yangzhong City,so as to provide the scientific evidence for adjusting the local schistosomiasis control strategy and consolidating the control achievements.Methods According to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme(2014 version), the snail status, Schistosoma japonicum infections in humans and livestock and wild feces contamination were monitored in Zhinan Village, a national schistosomiasis surveillance site in Yangzhong City from 2015 to 2018.ResultsThe areas of snail habitats reduced from 8.10 hm^2 in 2015 to 2.72 hm^2 in 2018, and the mean density of living snails decreased from 0.27 snails/0.1 m^2 in 2015 to 0.07 snails/0.1 m^2 in 2018 in Zhinan Village;however, no S. japonicum infections were identified in snails during the period from 2015 to 2018. Serological testing for S. japonicum infections was performed in 2 034 local populations and 858 mobile populations from 2015 to 2018, and the sero-prevalence of S. japonicum human infections was 0.59% to 1.98%, with no egg-positives detected. A total of 79 goats were detected for S. japonicum infections from 2015 to 2018, and no egg-positives were found. In addition, no other livestock was found in Zhinan Village from 2015 to 2018, and no wild feces were found in snail habitats.Conclusion A great success has been achieved in schistosomiasis control in Yangzhong City;however, there are still snails breeding in the city. Monitoring of the risk factors pertaining to schistosomiasis transmission should be further intensified to consolidate the control achieve-ments.