四川地区市售白酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类的污染状况和暴露评估

Risk Assessment and Pollution Status of Phthalates Contamination in Liquors Sold in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省市售白酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质(PAEs)的污染状况,计算经白酒摄入PAEs的膳食暴露量,对四川省居民膳食暴露风险进行初步评价。方法采用气相色谱-质谱法于2018-2019年对四川省市售的148份白酒样品中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质进行测定。结合白酒中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的平均含量,以及居民平均食物消费量,计算四川省居民经白酒摄入的DBP和DEHP水平,并与DBP和DEHP的每日可耐受摄入量(TDI)进行比较,初步评估四川省居民经白酒摄入的PAEs的健康风险。结果白酒中DBP检出率为61.5%,总体均值为1.18 mg/kg,最高检测浓度为12.1 mg/kg;DEHP检出率为39.2%,总体均值为0.32 mg/kg,最高检测浓度为2.70 mg/kg。DBP超标率为41.9%,DEHP超标率为2.70%。四川省居民经白酒摄入的DBP暴露量均值为0.090 1μg/kg BW,DEHP暴露量均值为0.024 4μg/kg BW,远低于健康指导值。结论四川省居民经白酒摄入的DBP和DEHP的健康风险较低。

Objective To investigate the pollution status of phthalates(PAEs) in liquors,calculate the dietary intake of dibutyl phthalate(DBP) and bis(2-ethyhexyl) phthalate(DEHP), and to assess the risk of dietary exposure of Sichuan residents. Methods A total of 148 samples were collected and analyzed, the determination and quantification were performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) in selected ion monitoring(SIM) mode. The exposure of DBP and DEHP were estimated by the food consumption data. The health risk was assessed by comparing the exposure with tolerable daily intake of residents in Sichuan.(TDI). Results The detection rate of DBP was 61.5% with the mean concentration of 1.18 mg/kg,and the highest concentration was12.1 mg/kg;the detection rate of DHEP was 39.2% with the mean concentration of 0.32 mg/kg,and the highest concentration was 2.70 mg/kg,the exceeding standard rate of DBP and DEHP were41.9% and 2.70%, respectively. In accordance with the mean value of food consumption estimates,the DBP and DEHP average exposure of local residents were 0.090 1 μg/kg BW and0.024 4 μg/kg BW,respectively. Both were below the TDI. Conclusion The risk of phthalates from liquors was low for Sichuan residents.