高寒高海拔地区太阳能集中供暖技术及其应用

Technology and application of solar central heating in extremely cold and high-altitude areas

西藏地处高寒高海拔地区,太阳能资源丰富、气候干燥寒冷、生态环境脆弱、冬季时间长、昼夜温差大,迫切需要解决冬季供暖问题。根据当地资源特征、气候条件、公共和民用建筑的供暖需求,通过产品和技术创新,研发出适用于高寒高海拔地区的大型太阳能集中储热供暖系统。该供暖技术已在海拔4500 m的山南浪卡子县城和海拔4700 m的日喀则仲巴县城进行了大型太阳能集中供暖示范工程验证。供暖季的实践表明:示范工程运行安全稳定、技术先进可靠、年运行维护费用低,较好地满足了西藏对清洁能源供暖的需求。研究结果可为西藏和青海等高寒高海拔地区利用清洁能源供暖提供技术支撑和解决方案。

Tibet is located in an extremely cold and high-altitude area with abundant solar energy,dry and cold climate,fragile ecological environment,long winter and large day and night temperature difference.Thus,it is urgent to solve the problem of heating in winter.According to the local resources characteristics,climatic conditions,and heating demand of public and civil buildings,a large-scale solar collecting and heat storage system suitable for high-altitude area has been developed through product and technology innovation.This heating system has been verified by large-scale solar central heating demonstration projects in NagarzêCounty of Shannan Region and Zhongba County of Shigatse City at an altitude of4700 m.Data from the heating seasons show that the demonstration projects are safe and stable in operation,advanced and reliable in technology,and ecnomic in annual operating cost,which satisfies Tibet’s demand for heat supply with clean energy.The research results can provide technical support and solutions for the heat supply with clean energy in extremely cold and high-altitude areas,such as Tibet and Qinghai.