论马克思自然空间思想及其当代价值

On Marxist Natural Space Ideology and Its Modern Value

马克思在《德意志意识形态》《共产党宣言》和《资本论》中明确关注了自然空间与社会历史的内在勾连,从不同维度诠释了自然空间的理论内涵。在马克思那里,自然空间不是抽象的精神空间和几何空间,而是在人类的物质生产实践活动中承载着人的观念和意志,并在人类历史长河中不断延伸和拓展的一种空间形态,演绎着人与自然的关系形式。沿此进路,马克思着眼于机器大工业背景下资本主义国家的空间实践,深刻揭示了资本主义生产方式与自然空间拓展、断裂和异化的纠缠关系,其思想张力不仅跨越了地域,而且超越了时代。挖掘马克思自然空间思想的价值意蕴,对规范和引导中国特色社会主义的空间生产,构建“以人民为中心”的自然空间生产机制,解决城乡发展不平衡不充分等突出问题,实现“人的全面发展与自由发展”的空间正义具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。

In German Ideology,Manifesto of the Communist Party,and Das Kapital Marx is clearly concerned with the intrinsic relationship between natural space and social history,interpreting the theoretical connotation of natural space from various dimensions. For him,natural space,different from the abstract spiritual space and geometric space,is a form of space that,in the material production and practical activities of human beings,contains the ideas and wills of mankind;it continuously extends and expands in human history,displaying the relationship between man and nature. Along the process,Marx focuses on the spatial practice of capitalist countries in the backdrop of machine industry,shedding light on the entwining relationship between the capitalist mode of production and the expansion,rupture,and alienation of natural space. The Marxist ideological elasticity spans not only regions but times. Discovering the values of Marxist natural space ideology is of great theoretical and practical significance in regulating and leading the socialist spatial production with Chinese characteristics,constructing a"people-centered"natural space production mechanism,resolving such prominent problems as unbalanced and inadequate urban and rural development,and realizing the spatial justice of"man’s overall development and free development".