2012-2018年深圳市宝安区艾滋病监测病例特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of AIDS in Baoan District of Shenzhen City from 2012 to 2018

目的近些年深圳市宝安区艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)报告例数有所上升,疫情逐渐由高危人群向一般人群蔓延,疫情形势较为严峻。本研究通过分析深圳市宝安区2012-2018年监测系统报告的AIDS病例特征,为当地制定针对性的AIDS防控措施提供依据。方法收集2012-2018年宝安区AIDS综合监测系统资料,运用Excel 2016软件建立数据库,利用SPSS 21.0对累计报告艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)/AIDS病例的时间分布、基本社会人口学特征、感染途径、发现来源等进行统计学分析。结果2012-2018年宝安区共累计报告HIV/AIDS病例3208例,其中HIV感染者1973例(61.50%),AIDS 1235例(38.50%),各年新报告数逐年增加。年龄主要集中在20~49岁(90.43%),男女性别比为7.46∶1;各年龄组性别构成差异有统计学意义,χ2=43.30,P<0.001;汉族居多,占91.05%;职业分布以家政、家务及待业为主,占35.82%,其次为工人和商业服务,分别占34.07%和12.28%;病例以流动人口为主,占90.96%;感染途径以性传播居多,占95.98%,其中同性传播比例呈上升趋势,χ2趋势=16.29,P<0.001;发现来源主要为咨询检测、性病门诊和其他就诊者检测,分别占27.43%、22.66%和19.86%。结论2012-2018年宝安区AIDS疫情呈增长趋势,性传播为主要感染途径,流动人口为主要感染人群。应以男男性行为者和流动人口为重点关注人群,采取宣传教育和行为干预等综合措施是今后宝安区AIDS防控工作的重点。

OBJECTIVE In recent years,the number of reported cases diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)in Baoan District has increased,and the epidemic has gradually spread from high-risk groups to the general population.The situation of the epidemic is relatively severe in Baoan District.In this study,the characteristics of AIDS cases reported by the surveillance system in Baoan District from 2012to 2018were analyzed to provide the basis for formulating targeted prevention and control measures of AIDS in this region.METHODS The data of AIDS comprehensive surveillance system were collected from 2012to 2018.Excel 2016software was used to establish a database,SPSS 21.0software was used for statistical analysis on the time distribution,basic social demographic characteristics,infection routes,discovery sources of cumulative reported cases.RESULTS With the increase of newly discovered HIV/AIDS cases over years,a total of 3208cases were reported in Baoan District from 2012to 2018,of which 1973cases(61.50%)were HIV-positive and 1235cases(38.50%)were diagnosed with AIDS.The cases aged 20-49years accounted for most proportion(90.43%),and the male to female ratio was 7.46∶1.A statistically significant difference in gender composition was detected between different age groups(χ2=43.30,P<0.001).The major nationality was Han,taking up 91.05%of total cases.The main occupations were household management,housework and the unemployment followed by workers and business services,accounting for 35.82%,34.07%and 12.28%.The majority was migrant population,accounting for 90.96%.The main transmission route of HIV was sexual transmission(95.98%),of which the proportion of homosexual transmission was on the rise(χ2 trend=16.29,P<0.001).The main sources of HIV/AIDS cases were counseling and testing,clinic of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV-testing of other patients,accounting for 27.43%,22.66%and 19.86%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS An increasing trend of AIDS epidemic in observed in Baoan District from 2012to 2018.Sexual transmission has become the main route of infection,and migrant population is the major source of HIV/AIDS cases.For the prevention and control of AIDS in Baoan distract,the focus should be on men who have sex with men and migrant population.Taking comprehensive measures such as propaganda,education and behavioral intervention is also suggested.