重庆市肉制品中亚硝酸盐含量分析与评价

Evaluation and analysis of nitrite content in meat products in Chongqing

监测近年重庆市肉制品中亚硝酸盐添加和超标情况,为居民肉制品消费安全和政府监管提供参考。2016年~2019年从重庆市9个区县采集了763份样品,按照国标分光光度法进行亚硝酸盐含量检测,并进行超标分析。结果发现,重庆市肉制品的亚硝酸盐检出率为48.62%(n=371),超标率为2.62%(n=20),最高亚硝酸盐含量为115.0 mg/kg,2016年~2018年肉制品的亚硝酸盐检出率和超标率都呈显著下降趋势。生肉制品的亚硝酸盐检出率(71.18%)显著高于熟肉制品(38.95%),腌腊(74.00%)和肠类(74.55%)肉制品的亚硝酸盐检出率显著高于其他肉制品,且以猪肉制品检出率最高(64.48%)。亚硝酸盐超标的肉制品全部为个体经营者生产的熟肉制品,且主要为餐饮环节中的酱卤肉制品。结果显示,重庆市肉制品亚硝酸盐的添加较为普遍,重点应加强个体生产的熟肉制品和酱卤肉制品的抽查监管力度,以保护消费安全。

The aim of this study was to surveillant the addition of nitrite in meat products in Chongqing in recent years,which could provide a reference for government regulation and consumption safety for residents.Seven hundred and sixty-three samples of meat products were collected from 9 districts and counties of Chongqing during 2016 to 2019.The nitrite content of samples were detected by the spectrophotometric method according to the Chinese National Standard,and exceeding standard of nitrite in meat products was analyzed.The results showed that detection and exceeding standard rates of nitrite in meat products from Chongqing were 48.62%(n=371)and 2.62%(n=20),respectively,and the maximum content of nitrite was 115.0 mg/kg.Detection and exceeding standard rates significantly decreased from 2016 to 2018.Detection rates(71.18%)of nitrite in raw meat products were significantly higher than those(38.95%)of cooked meat products,detection rates of nitrite in cured meat products(74.00%)and sausage meat products(74.55%)were significantly higher than those of other meat products,and detection rate(64.48%)of nitrite in pork products was highest.Meat products of exceeding standard of nitrite were all for self-employed cooked meat products,and most of them were sauced and braised meat products from the catering.The results demonstrated that the nitrite is widely used in meat products in Chongqing,and cooked meat products and sauced and braised meat products produced by the self-employed should be intensively inspected and supervised for consumption safety.