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西方博物馆殖民背景藏品返还的伦理探究

The Ethics of the Restitution of Collections from Colonial Contexts in Western Museums
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摘要 西方博物馆应对殖民背景藏品返还诉求的伦理体系,由之前直截了当地拒绝返还,逐渐转向当下的提倡双方沟通与对话,鼓励在协商过程中加大殖民背景藏品的"来源研究"力度。这种转变一方面得益于在博物馆去殖民化运动的影响下,以非西方视角对殖民背景藏品价值和流转方式的再认知,以及各博物馆职业道德准则等的实践推力;另一方面也折射出在经历了多种博弈方式之后,博物馆意识到返还诉求的应对得当可以让其转危为机的利益导向。尽管当下西方博物馆表现出坦诚地面对过去、反思不正当殖民历史的态度,但在伦理上并没有无条件地支持返还,藏品的直接返还并非博物馆应对之下的首选之举。 Western museums’ response to the request for restitution of objects from colonial texts have shifted from a flat refusal to advocating dialogues and encouraging provenance research of collections with a colonial past. This shift is a result from the re-examination conducted by these museums, influenced by the decolonization movement, on the value and circulation of collections from colonial texts with a non-western perspective and the practice of code of ethics for museums. It also reflects that museums finally realized that the proper dealing with the restitution requests may turn the challenge to opportunities. While museums today are honestly facing their past and re-examining the colonial history, it is noteworthy that the code of ethics for museums does not speak for an unconditional return. It is important to remember that returning the object is perhaps not the only or entire solution.
作者 杨谦 YANG Qian(Department of History,Shanghai University,Shanghai,200444)
机构地区 上海大学历史系
出处 《东南文化》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第6期135-141,共7页 Southeast Culture
基金 上海市教委2018年“上海高校青年教师培养资助计划”资助项目“在博物馆学课程中弘扬‘中国精神’的教学设计与研究”阶段性成果。
关键词 西方博物馆 殖民背景藏品 藏品返还 博物馆伦理道德 Western museums collections from colonial contexts restitution of collections ethics for museums
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