低鱼粉饲料中添加丁酸钠对黄颡鱼生长性能、饲料利用和肠道组织结构的影响

Effects of sodium butyrate on the growth performance,feed utilization and intestinal morphology of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)fed low fish meal diet

为研究饲料中玉米蛋白粉替代鱼粉后添加丁酸钠对黄颡鱼生长性能、饲料利用和肠道组织结构的影响,试验设置鱼粉含量30%的饲料为基础饲料,采用玉米蛋白粉替代30%的鱼粉制成低鱼粉饲料,然后分别在低鱼粉饲料中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.4%和0.8%丁酸钠,共制作6组试验料,投喂平均体重(100±0.15)g的黄颡鱼8周。结果表明:玉米蛋白替代30%鱼粉后黄颡鱼的增重率、摄食率、蛋白沉积率和脂肪沉积率显著降低了35.4%、12.1%、27.1%和26.9%,饲料系数提高了21.7%(P<0.05)。在低鱼粉饲料中添加0.2%丁酸钠,黄颡鱼的增重率和蛋白沉积率显著提高了22.2%和19.5%(P<0.05),脂肪沉积率提高了21.1%,饲料系数降低11.6%,但差异不显著(P>0.05),其中饲料系数和脂肪沉积率与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。低鱼粉组和丁酸钠添加组黄颡鱼的鱼体粗蛋白质含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。玉米蛋白替代鱼粉后黄颡鱼肠道肌层厚度和皱襞高度显著降低了23.9%和21.6%(P<0.05),而低鱼粉饲料中添加0.2%丁酸钠后肠道肌层厚度和皱襞高度显著升高了18.7%和13.4%(P<0.05),添加0.4%和0.8%丁酸钠组黄颡鱼和0.2%添加组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上,在饲料中添加0.2%以上丁酸钠可提高摄食低鱼粉饲料黄颡鱼的生长性能和饲料利用率,改善肠道组织形态,综合考虑,低鱼粉黄颡鱼饲料中丁酸钠的适宜添加量为0.2%。

The trial was conducted to investigate the effect of sodium butyrate on the growth performance,feed utilization and intestinal tissue morphology of yellow catfish fed low fish meal diet.The basic diet contained 30%fish meal,the fish meal was replaced at 30%level and set as the low fish meal diet,sodium butyrate was supplemented at dose of 0.1%,0.2%,0.4%and 0.8%in low fish meal diet,respectively.The yellow catfish[(100±0.15)g]were fed with six experiment diets for 8 weeks.The results showed that the replacement of fish meal with corn gluten significantly reduced the weight gain rate,feeding rate,protein retention rate and lipid retention rate of yellow catfish,and increased the feed coefficient(P<0.05).Supplementation of sodium butyrate at 0.2%in low fish meal diet significantly increased the weight gain,protein retention rate of yellow catfish(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient and lipid retention rate had no significant difference compared with the control group(P>0.05).The whole-body crude protein of the low fish meal group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Replacement fish meal with corn gluten meal significantly reduced the intestinal muscle thickness and mucosal fold height of the intestinal of yellow catfish(P<0.05),while the addition of 0.2%sodium butyrate significantly increased the intestinal muscle thickness and mucosal fold height(P<0.05).In summary,0.2%~0.8%sodium butyrate in diet could improve the growth performance,feed utilization and intestinal morphology of yellow catfish fed low fish meal diet.To have an integrative consideration,the appropriate addition dose of sodium butyrate in low fish meal diet was 0.2%.