国际劳工组织中小企业职业安全卫生防护“工具包”在上海市松江区的运用

Promotion and application of a toolkit(Ergonomic Checkpoints,ILO)in Songjiang District,Shanghai

【目的】以职业安全卫生防护“工具包”为研究对象,探讨“工具包”在松江区应用经验,为其他地区开展“工具包”研究提供经验和借鉴意义。【方法】该项目以《工效学检查要点》为基础,并结合我国职业卫生实际情况,组织专家反复论证,形成具有地区特点的工效学检查“工具包”。选取松江区重点行业如电子、机械、铸造、化工等典型企业作为试用对象,通过调查、指导、干预、整改、验收,总结,推动企业进行持续性改进“工具包”的利用,以控制和预防职业危害。【结果】2017—2019年对松江区78家企业开展“工具包”项目推广和应用,共提出824个整改项目,整改率均大于80%。同时企业自主开展“工具包”项目100余个;企业共投入资金3800余万元用于工具包项目的开展,企业职业卫生安全卫生状况逐年提高,切实保障劳动者的职业健康权益,改善企业生产效率。【结论】为了加强中小企业职业安全卫生服务,开展职业安全卫生防护“工具包”的适用性研究和推广项目是十分必要。该“工具包”切实可行,具有多方面的价值意义,值得进一步推广和应用。

[Objective]To study a“toolkit”(Ergonomic Checkpoints,ILO)and discuss the application of the“toolkit”in the medium and small-sized enterprises of Songjiang District to provide evidence for other regions.[Methods]The project was based on the key points of ergonomics inspection and combined with the actual situation of occupational health in China.Experts were organized to discuss and establish a“toolkit”of ergonomics inspection with regional characteristics.Typical enterprises in key industries were selected in Songjiang District,including electronics,machinery,casting,chemical industry and other industries.The“toolkit”was employed to promote enterprises to carry out continuous improvement,control and prevent occupational hazards through investigation,guidance,intervention,reform,inspection and review.[Results]In 2017-2019,we conducted the promotion and application of the“toolkit”project to 78 enterprises and put forward 824 reform projects,with the reform proportion of more than 80%in Songjiang District.In addition,the enterprises independently implemented more than 100“toolkit”projects.The enterprises invested more than 38 million Chinese Yuan in the development of the toolkit project,which yielded improving occupational health and safety situation effectively ensured the occupational health of workers′rights and interests,and improved the production efficiency of the enterprises.[Conclusion]In order to improve the occupational safety and health services for medium and small-sized enterprises,it is necessary and feasible to implement the application of occupational safety and health protection tool package.