国际原子能机构防核扩散的困境与出路

Dilemma and Way Out of the Non-proliferation Function of the International Atomic Energy Agency

国际原子能机构是核不扩散机制作用发挥的基本依托组织,其成立目的是构建涉核行为的合法框架,通过确立规则制约非法核活动。但其功能预期与实践存在较大差距,主要原因包括制度霸权的影响、《不扩散核武器条约》存在漏洞、核查制度与核安保技术有待完善等。要更好发挥国际原子能机构作用,根本方法在于建立公平公正的国际政治经济新秩序,根除《不扩散核武器条约》歧视性规则,同时革新机制内防核扩散系统、完善财政保障措施等。

The International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)is an organization dedicated to play the role of the nuclear non-proliferation.At the beginning of the establishment,its aim was to establish a legal framework for nuclear related activities to restrain illegal unclear application.However,there is a big gap between the expected and practical function due to the influence of institutional hegemony,the loopholes in The Treaty on Non-proliferationof Nuclear Weapons(NPT),the imperfect verification system and nuclear security technology,etc.The most fundamental way to improve the function of the IAEA is to establish a fairly and justly new world political and economic orders,eradicate the discriminatory rules of NPT,innovate the non-proliferation system within the mechanism,improve the financial guarantee measures.