农地确权、调整经历与农户耕地质量保护行为——来自广西的经验证据

Farmland Certification,Adjustment Experience and Farmer’s Land Quality Protection Behavior——Empirical Evidence from Guangxi

农户保护行为对耕地质量的保持和提升十分关键,本文基于广西壮族自治区的农户调查,考察了新一轮确权颁证对农户耕地质量保护行为的影响,探索并验证了土地调整经历调节农地确权影响农户耕地质量保护行为的作用机制。研究表明,相对没有获得确权证的农户,拥有新一轮确权证的农户更可能施有机肥,更可能进行秸秆还田,也更可能施测土配方肥。进一步研究发现,二轮承包期间的土地调整经历确实会削弱农户对新一轮确权颁证的制度信任,从而在农地确权和部分类型耕地保护行为间发挥负向调节作用。其中,对农户施有机肥行为,土地大调整经历会负向调节农地确权带来的激励效应;对农户秸秆还田行为,土地小调整经历则会削弱农地确权带来的积极影响。因此,本文不仅证实明晰产权对农户行为有关键性影响,而且印证了诺斯关于"历史是重要的"的著名论断。

The protection behavior of farm households is critical to maintaining and improving the quality of cultivated land.Based on a survey of farmers in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,this paper examines the impact of the new round certification on farmer quality protection behaviors,and explores and verifies whether the experience of land adjustment could regulate agricultural land certification’effect on farmer’s cultivated land quality protection behavior.The results of the study show that,compared with farmers who have not obtained the certificate of authority,farmers with the new round of certification are more likely to apply organic fertilizer,return straw to the field,and test soil formula fertilizer.Further research finds that land adjustment experience during the second round of contracting will indeed weaken farmers’trust in the new system of right confirmation,and thus play a negative role in regulating the right to farmland and protecting some types of farmland.Among them,the application of organic fertilizer to farmers,the large-scale land adjustment experience will negatively regulate the incentive effects brought by land certification,the small-land adjustment experience could weaken the positive impact of land certification for farmers’behavior of bringing a straw return to the field.Therefore,this article not only confirms that clear property rights have a key effect on farmer behavior,but also confirms North’s famous assertion that"history is important."