回归“精准施训”的逻辑原点——《中小学幼儿园教师培训课程指导标准》应用解读

Go Back to the Starting Point of Targeted Training:Practical Interpretation of the Application About Guidelines on Training Courses for Teachers in Kindergartens, Primary Schools and High Schools

"精准施训"是破解中小学教师培训针对性、实效性和可持续性问题的关键。通过对"精准施训"逻辑原点的思辨,解读了《中小学幼儿园教师培训课程指导标准(初中化学学科)》是什么、做什么,并以"2019年‘国培计划’——示范性综合改革项目福建教育学院培训课标(初中化学)班"的实践,探索了该指导标准怎么做和怎么做得更好。认为"精准培训"应回归学科教育和学科育人的本质;基于"学科整体理解"的研修,可以强化学习者对"学科育人"问题的真思考;融入"教师能力层级自我诊断"的课堂实践研修,可以破解需求调研和分层施训的难题;强化"听课观摩"实践性课程的研修目标,可以提升学习者对教学能力的自我诊断水平。

"Targeted training" is the key to solve the problems concerning specificity, effectiveness and sustainability. There are numerous researches on "targeted training", while studies on its starting point are scare. By discussing several basic questions, namely, what is "targeted training", what needs to be done in "targeted training", how to achieve "targeted training" and how to better conduct "targeted training", current research, taking 2019 National Training Plan:pilot comprehensive reform program of Fujian Education College training model class(junior high school chemistry) as an example, practically interpreted the application about Guidelines on Training Courses for Teachers in Kindergartens, Primary Schools and High Schools. Three conclusions are made. First, trainings based on "viewing the subject as a whole" promote learners to think deeply about "imparting knowledge and educating students". Second, in-class trainings integrating self-evaluation on teachers’ competence resolve the difficulty in investigating demands and providing different trainings for different levels. Third, strengthening the training goal of practical courses like"teaching observation" enhances learners’ self-diagnosis ability and their motivation to make improvement.