我国中小学心理健康教育建设的省际政策比较--基于31省份中小学心理健康教育实施方案的文本分析

The Comparison of Interprovincial Policies on the Construction of Mental Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in China--Based on a Textual Analysis of 31 Provincial Implementation Schemes of Mental Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools

教育政策对于教育内容的开展具有重要指导作用。研究通过分析31个省份的中小学心理健康教育指导纲要及实施方案发现,各省政策均有以心理育人体系构建为主要目标、以课程建设为教育实施主要渠道、以阵地建设与心理教师队伍建设为主要抓手、以强化组织领导为重要保障,以及社会支持服务体系建构力度有待加强的共性特征,并且在政策实施力度、教师队伍建设力度、心理健康教育体系化推进等方面存在明显差异。各省要深化中小学心理健康教育建设需防范省际政策的“两极化”,政策制定需立足省情,避免简单复制,建构清晰明确的政策评鉴机制,并且整合社会资源,强化政策协同。

Education policy plays an important role in guiding the development of education content.Through the analysis of the guidelines and implementation schemes of mental health education in primary and secondary schools in 31 provinces,it is found that the policies of all provinces have the common characteristics of taking the construction of psychological education system as the main goal,taking the construction of curriculum as the main channel of education implementation,taking the position construction and the construction of psychological teacher team as the main starting point,strengthening organizational leadership as the important guarantee,and the construction of social support service system needs to be strengthened.In addition,there are significant differences in the intensity of policy implementation,the construction of teaching team and the systematic promotion of mental health education.In the future,in order to deepen the construction of mental health education in primary and secondary schools,provinces need to prevent the“polarization”of interprovincial policies.Policy making needs to be based on the provincial situation,avoid simple duplication,build a clear policy evaluation mechanism,integrate social resources and strengthen policy coordination.