赋权评估:社会工作规范化和专业化的有效动力--基于15项省级政府购买项目的干预研究

Empowerment Evaluation:An Effective Method for Social Work Standardization and Professionalization

在项目化运作背景下,政府引进第三方评估以期望促进社会工作项目的规范化和专业化。受评估方法自身本体论和方法论缺陷的影响,传统的检核式评估无法促进规范化和专业化。为此,本研究从本体论和方法论的角度寻找理论和实务的突破口,将赋权评估作为替代性评估方法。为检验赋权评估促进社会工作项目规范化和专业化的有效性,本研究以J省民政厅购买的15项社会工作示范项目为对象开展赋权评估干预研究。量化资料分析结果显示,赋权评估能够有效促进社会工作项目的规范化和专业化。质性资料分析结果显示,赋权评估本质上具有督导的性质。其产生效果的机制是:①改善评估双方之间关系(从“权威-弱势”关系到伙伴关系)促进了双方有意义的深度参与;②有意义的深度参与促进了能力提升,进而有利于实现社会工作项目的规范化和专业化。

Standardization and professionalization are the main goals of development of social work programs.Government introduces the third-party evaluation to promote standardization and professionalization of social work programs.However,influenced by the defects of ontology and methodology of evaluation method,the traditional checking-up evaluation method cannot promote standardization and professionalization of social work programs.Based on the analysis of ontology and methodology,this study adopts empowerment evaluation as an alternative evaluation method.An intervention research with 15 government sponsored social work programs was conducted to test the validity of empowerment evaluation.Quantitative results show that empowerment evaluation can effectively promote the standardization and professionalization of social work programs.Qualitative results show the mechanisms of empowerment evaluation.They are:(1)through improving the relationship between practitioners and evaluators,it promotes the meaningful in-depth participation of both sides;(2)meaningful in-depth participation promotes the ability of standardization and professionalization.Finally,different conflicts are discussed,and future advices are put forward.