中国传统园林文化艺术体系导论

Introduction to the Art System of Chinese Traditional Garden Culture

园林作为一种"有生命、且具有实际使用功能"的特殊文化艺术作品,具有类似"外观表层形象"和"深层观念"特色的作品集合构成了园林的"流派";所有"流派"按照一定的内在规则结为一个整体,构成了园林文化艺术体系"学派";而其中的这个体系由"有生命"决定的地域性、"有用性"决定的地域性、"能主之人""理性产物"决定的地域性、"输出-输入"吸收融合中的地域性适应4个特点决定。中国传统园林文化艺术体系由一级流派、二级亚派和三级支派3个层级构成。以中国文化分区为基底,叠加中国建筑分区、园林植物分区,结合地方园林研究成果,一级流派可分东北园林、中原园林、长江园林、岭南园林、西南园林、青藏园林、西北园林、塞上园林8大流派。

As a kind of unique cultural and artistic works with"life and practical function",the collection of works with characteristics like"exterior surface image"and"deep concept"constitutes the"genre"of gardens.According to specific internal rules,all"genres"form a whole,including the"school"of garden culture and art system.Four characteristics determine this system:the regionalism determined by"life,""usefulness,""capable people,"and"rational products."adapted by"output-input"absorption and integration.Chinese traditional garden culture and art system comprise three levels:first-level schools,second-level sub-schools,and third-level branches.Based on the division of Chinese culture,superimposed with the division of Chinese architecture and garden plants and combined with the research results of local gardens,the first-level schools are dividing into eight genres:Northeast garden,Central Plains garden,Yangtze River garden,Lingnan Garden,Southwest garden,Qinghai-Tibet Garden,Northwest garden,and the Border-fortress garden.