工程项目弹性安全文化嵌入机制及驱动力研究

Research on the Embedded Mechanism and Driving Force of Elastic Safety Culture of Engineering Project

弹性安全文化是结合弹性工程理论和安全文化理论所提出的一种能够有效提高组织应对安全风险,不断提高安全绩效的理论。从理论层面阐明弹性安全文化在工程项目中的嵌入机制和潜在驱动路径,并运用结构方程模型对62个已完工项目的问卷数据进行定量验证。结果表明:工程项目可以通过系统地应对组织环境中的常规威胁、非常规威胁和无先例事件,实现弹性安全文化在工程项目中的嵌入。工程项目弹性安全文化嵌入有三种形式:行为弹性、情境弹性和心理弹性;而危险预防措施、失误管理实践和组织预警行为是工程项目弹性安全文化的驱动力,其中:危险预防措施的驱动对象是情境、行为弹性,失误管理实践的驱动对象是心理弹性,组织预警行为则对情境弹性产生驱动。对此,着重从“危险预防措施精深化”“失误事前与事中控制”以及“组织预警系统构建”三个方面对工程项目利益相关方提出建议,以期实现其安全绩效的持续改进。

Elastic safety culture is a theory which combines elastic engineering theory and safety culture theory,which can effectively improve the organization's response to safety risks and continuously improve safety performance.The embedded mechanism and potential driving path of elastic safety culture in engineering projects are expounded from the theoretical level,and the questionnaire data of 62 completed projects are verified quantitatively by using structural equation model.The results show that the flexible safety culture can be embedded in engineering projects by systematically dealing with conventional threats,unconventional threats and unprecedented events in the organizational environment.There are three forms of embedded elastic safety culture in engineering projects:behavioral flexibility,situational flexibility and psychological resilience.The driving forces of elastic safety culture of engineering projects are risk prevention measures,fault management practice and organizational early warning behavior.Among them,the driving objects of risk prevention measures are situation and behavior elasticity,and the driving objects of fault management practice are psychological resilience and organizational early warning behavior Then it drives the situation flexibility.In view of this,this paper puts forward suggestions to the stakeholders of the project from three aspects of"refined deepening of risk prevention measures","control of errors in advance and in the event"and"construction of organizational early warning system",so as to realize the continuous improvement of their safety performance。