公地治理理论研究新进展

New Research Progress on the Theory of Governing the Commons

布卢明顿学派关于公地问题的自治理论主要是基于对小规模公地案例的研究而展开的。一旦超越这类案例的规模,理论就需要为适应更大规模层面的公地问题做出新的探索。这种探索也是在案例经验分析的基础上逐步推进的,基于这种分析特性而拓展的理论构架正朝着更具适应性以容纳大规模公地问题中更复杂因素的方向发展。这类因素包括研究问题情境的复杂化,决策中心的多元化,参与主体性质类别的多样化,以及参与主体在数量规模和层级上的扩大化。在对最近十多年的相关文献进行梳理的基础上,本文总结了理论发展的最新进展和尚待研究的一些问题。

The Bloomington School's theory of self-governance on the commons is based on the conclusions drawn from the study of small-scale commons.Once the scale of this type of case is surpassed,the theory needs to be adapted to address the larger-scale commons problems.This adaptation is also gradually achieved on the case-based analysis.The theoretical framework based on this case-based analysis is developed in the direction of being more adaptable to complex factors in relation to issues about large-scale commons.Such factors include the increased complexity of the problem situations,the polycentricism in decision-making,the diversification of the nature and categories of participants,and the expansion of the size and levels of participants.On the basis of reviewing the relevant literatures published during the past ten years,this article summarizes the latest progress of theoretical development and the issues that yet to be studied.