社会网络异质性对果农有机肥替代化肥技术模式采用行为的影响

Effect of Different Social Networks on Apple Growers’Adoption Behavior of Replacing Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer

研究果农有机肥替代化肥技术采用行为对完善我国化肥减量与有机肥增施政策具有重要的现实意义。基于陕西省苹果种植户的调查数据,分析社会网络异质性对果农有机肥替代化肥技术模式采用行为的影响。研究表明:社会网络异质性对果农有机肥替代化肥技术模式采用的影响存在差异。用果农与亲友邻里的交流程度表征的横向社会网络对果农"有机肥+配方肥"模式的采用有显著正向影响。用果农与肥料零售商的交流程度和是否加入合作社表征的前向和斜向社会网络对果农"有机肥+水肥一体化"模式的采用有显著正向影响。用果农与苹果收购商是否签订销售合同表征的后向社会网络对果农"有机肥+配方肥"及"自然生草+绿肥"模式的采用有显著正向影响,而社会网络对果农"果-沼-畜"模式的采用影响不显著。因此,提出发展合同生产模式、促进果农间互助合作、促进果农与有机肥零售商交流,通过新媒体等信息渠道提高果农有机肥认知,进而促进果农有机肥替代技术模式采用的政策建议。

It is of great significance to study apple growers’replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for making the incentive policies of chemical fertilizer reduction in China.Based on the survey of apple growers in Shaanxi Province,this paper analyzed the effect of different social networks on the different modes of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer.Research shows that different social networks have different effects on the adoption of different modes of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer.Horizontal social network which is denoted by the communication degree between apple growers and their relatives or neighbors had a significant positive effect on the adoption of the organic fertilizer plus formula fertilizer mode by apple growers.Forward social network which is denoted by the communication degree between apple growers and fertilizer retailers and oblique social network which is denoted by cooperative membership separately had a significant positive effect on the adoption of the organic manure plus integration of water and fertilizer mode by apple growers.Backward social network which is denoted by signing the sales contracts with apple dealers has a significant positive effect on the adoption of the organic fertilizer plus formula fertilizer mode and natural grass plus green manure mode by apple growers.However,the influence of social network on the adoption of livestock-biogas-fruit mode was not significant.Therefore,the paper suggests that developing contract production mode,promoting mutual assistance and cooperation among apple growers,promoting communication between apple growers and organic fertilizer retailers and apple retailers,and extending organic fertilizer use by web media or other information channels are important to promote the organic fertilizer use.