微合金化热成形钢开发应用进展及展望

Progress and Prospect for Development and Application of Microalloying Press-Hardening Steel

超高强钢是汽车实现轻量化兼顾安全性的关键材料,1.5GPa及以上高性能热成形钢的开发和应用是关键。近10a来,微合金化热成形钢及其零件制造技术迅速发展,实现了高弯曲角度、抗氢脆断裂、高韧性、高淬透性等性能目标,进而提高了车辆的被动安全性能及轻量化水平。综述了微合金化热成形钢开发与使用现状,包括1.52.0GPa级铌、钒、铌钒复合、铌钒(钼)复合微合金化热成形钢的开发和应用进展,以及微合金化对纳米级第二相析出和晶粒细化的影响;微合金化热成形钢的抗氢脆性能和机理;微合金化热成形钢的尖角冷弯性能及其对碰撞安全性能的影响;微合金化热成形钢的断裂失效性能。对今后微合金化热成形钢的生产制造与应用前景作出展望。

Ultra-high strength steels are important materials for the lightweight and safety of motor vehicles.The development and application of 1.5 GPa and above grade high-performance press-hardening steel are the key.In recent 10 a,the manufacturing technology of microalloying press-hardening steels and their parts have developed rapidly,achieving the performance such as high bending angles,hydrogen embrittlement resistance,high toughness and high hardenability;therefore the passive safety performance and lightweight of vehicles are improved.The development and application status of microalloying press-hardening steels are summarized,including the development and application of 1.5-2.0 GPa grade Nb microalloying,V microalloying,Nb-V composite microalloying and Nb-V(Mo)composite microalloying press-hardening steels,and the effects of microalloying on the nanoscale second phase precipitation and grain refinement;the hydrogen embrittlement resistance and its mechanism of microalloying press-hardening steels;the sharp corner cold bending property of microalloying presshardening steels and its influence on the collision safety performance;the fracture failure performance of microalloying press-hardening steels.The manufacture and application of microalloying press-hardening steels in the future are also prospected.