语言政策与规划理论构建:超越规划和管理的语言治理

Theory Construction in LPP:Language Governance Transcending Planning and Management

语言政策与规划领域的理论建设是一个值得研究的挑战性问题。文章以语言规划、语言管理和语言治理为核心构念,系统阐述了它们的演变和理论贡献。这三个产生于不同时代和语境的构念既密切相关,不相互排斥,也不相互补充,而是拓展与延伸的关系。自上而下的语言规划重视语言规范、行为和实践。语言管理增加了行为主体的参与过程,将简单管理与有序管理纳入动态循环,使自上而下与自下而上两种路径有机地结合在一起。语言治理鼓励多元主体参与互动式管理,超越了传统语言规划和语言管理,理论更加包容。三者形成"语言规划<语言管理<语言治理"的理论演进关系。

Theory construction in LPP is a challenging topic worthy of inquiry.With language planning,language management and language governance as key constructs,this paper attempts to systematically discuss their evolutions and theoretical contributions.These constructs,contextualized in times of LPP development,are closely related,mutually nonexclusive and noncomplementary,and coexist in a state of conceptual expansion and extension.Language planning,top-down at the macro-level,focuses on language norms,behaviors and practices,while language management,with participants'involvement in the process in addition to what is included in language planning,forms a dynamic cycle of simple management and organized management,thus organically integrating the top-down approach with the bottom-up approach.Language governance goes beyond language planning and language management to be more conceptually inclusive,with an ensemble of multiple,multilayered practices in interactional management.Thus the abovementioned constructs have evolved in the mode of“language planning<language management<language governance”in theory construction.