慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我护理量表的构建及信效度检验

Development of a self-care scale for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the test of its reliability and validity

目的编制COPD患者自我护理量表并检验其信效度。方法在慢性病自我护理中域理论框架下,通过文献回顾、头脑风暴,并参考既往量表,初步构建量表理论维度和条目池。通过德尔菲法、项目分析法、探索性因子分析法筛选条目、确定量表维度,形成正式量表。2020年1月—6月,采用便利抽样法,选取202例COPD患者进行调查,检验量表的信效度。结果 COPD患者自我护理量表包含3个维度、29个条目,累计方差贡献率为60.33%。总量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.899,折半信度为0.928,内容效度为0.940,COPD患者自我护理量表总得分及各维度得分与COPD患者自我管理量表总得分均呈正相关(r为0.297~0.729,P<0.01),验证性因子分析显示该量表具有较好的结构效度。结论该研究所编制的COPD患者自我护理量表具有较好的信效度,可用于测量COPD患者自我护理水平。

Objective To develop a self-care scale for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness,the theoretical dimension and item pool of the self-care scale were preliminarily constructed by literature review,brainstorming and referring to the previous scales. Delphi method,item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to select items and determine dimensions of the scale,so as to form a formal scale. A total number of 202 patients with COPD were surveyed to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Self-Care Scale for Patients with COPD included 3 dimensions and 29 items,and the contribution rate of the cumulative variance of the 3 factors was 60.33%. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient,the split-half reliability coefficient,and the content validity index of the scale were 0.899,0.928 and 0.940,respectively. The total score and scores in each dimensions of the scale were positively correlated with the total scores of the self-management scale(P<0.01).Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale had good construct validity. Conclusion The Self-Care Scale for Patients with COPD is reliable and valid for measuring the self-care level of patients with COPD.